Pear Theme

Pear Theme
The main characteristics of the variety:
  • Authors: A. M. Lukashov, Khabarovsk (FGBUN "KhFITS FEB RAS")
  • Appeared when crossing: Finnish yellow x Ussuri pear
  • Name synonyms: Tyoma, Tyoma
  • Year of approval: 1947
  • Fruit weight, g: 90-100, sometimes more
  • Ripening terms: early autumn
  • Fruit picking time: end of August
  • Appointment: technical
  • Growth type: vigorous
  • Yield: high
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Even very old plants in the right hands bring good results. This fully applies to pear Tema. However, even such a solid reputation, gained over the decades, does not mean that one can dismiss the study of the peculiarities of culture.

Breeding history

The pear variety Tema was included in the State Register back in 1947. The plant was created in the Far East. To obtain a culture, the Finnish yellow was crossed with the Ussuri Pear.

Description of the variety

The plant has official synonyms - Tyoma and Tyoma. Basically, it has a purely technical purpose. Tema trees grow vigorously, they can grow up to 340-370 cm. Other features:

  • the crown resembles a wide pyramid in shape;

  • the density of this crown is moderately high, spreading is often noted;

  • straight shoots are well developed;

  • skeletal branches can be retracted from the trunk at sharp angles;

  • the white flowers are medium-sized, have long pedicels and are slightly pubescent.

Fruit characteristics

Tema's fruits weigh from 90 to 100 g. In some cases, they can reach 300 g. Light yellow color dominates on the surface of the pear. At the same time, an orange-red integumentary color, complemented by dull strokes, is necessarily also noted. The cover color itself cannot boast of special brightness.

Taste qualities

Pear pulp The theme is dense. It also differs in addition to pleasant juiciness. Loose in consistency, the fruit is usually sour. A tart note is added to the main taste. Despite such a variety, the ensemble of tastes is estimated to be mediocre, but there is a great powerful aroma.

Ripening and fruiting

Pear The theme belongs to the early autumn group. It is necessary to harvest the fruits at the end of August. It is believed that consumer ripeness is normally reached in the first decade of autumn. After vaccination, the collection begins at 3-4 years. You can count on mass fruiting from the age of 6-8, and then it will go annually.

Ripening of pears begins in the second half of summer and lasts until mid-autumn. To keep the pears fresh and tasty until winter, harvesting takes into account the characteristics of the variety, the ripening time and the weather conditions in the region.

Yield

Thema's ability to produce 84 kg of fruit is declared. When cultivated by plantation order, the harvest can reach from 120 to 260 centners per 1 hectare. Such a significant spread visually confirms the importance of meteorological conditions and practical agricultural technology. The share of marketable fruits can reach 90%. The share of the first grade sometimes accounts for 50%.

Growing regions

You can plant the theme pear in Western Siberia. The variety is also zoned in the Far East. This plant can theoretically be grown in more favorable regions of Russia. However, agricultural technology has not been developed, and such attempts are made at your own peril and risk.

Landing

In the main pear growing regions, Tema can be grown in almost any soil. However, it is recommended to choose the highest areas where the risk of freezing is minimized.Planting dates are the same as for other pears.

In order for the pears to be tasty and of high quality, and the yields to be consistently high, you need to responsibly approach the planting of a fruit tree. When planting a pear, you need to take into account many factors: correctly determine the timing, choose the right place, pay attention to the preparation of the planting pit.
Pear grafting is a simple and exciting procedure, but it requires accuracy and adherence to a number of rules. First of all, you need to take care of the selection and procurement of inoculation material, deal with the timing and methods of vaccination. An important point is also the choice of the rootstock, on the quality of which the result of the entire event and future fruiting will directly depend.

Growing and care

Ripeness is usually reached in early September. You need to collect ripe pears as quickly as possible, because otherwise they will crumble. In order for Thema trees to develop normally, they will have to be sprayed. Removing diseased and broken branches is another prerequisite for success. The danger for this variety is primarily represented by insects such as the moth and moth.

Variety Tema is not self-pollinated. The best pollinating pears are:

  • Palmyra;

  • Olga;

  • Fields.

There are no significant differences from other pear trees in agricultural technology. For pear pears, diligent regular watering is very important. The intensity of irrigation is selected taking into account the age of the plant and the characteristics of the climate, the actual weather. The variety is frost-hardy, but still sometimes it is necessary to protect the plantings from the harsh winter. It is useful to cover the trunk with snow, especially in years with little snow.

In order for a pear to grow correctly and give high yields, its branches must be cut off in time. Pruning can be done in both spring and fall. Depending on the age of the tree and the goals set, pruning can be: sanitary, thinning, shaping, stimulating, rejuvenating.
Feeding pears is a must-have procedure that cannot be ignored. Experienced gardeners recommend applying the first fertilizers two years after planting the tree. The process is divided into 3 main stages, which are determined by the timing of ripening, flowering and fruiting of the pear.
There are two ways to grow a pear seedling - vegetative and by seed. The first method is the most common, including propagation by cuttings, air layers, seedling buds. Seeds are grown less often, since in order to get a bountiful harvest with good taste of the fruit, the seedling will need to be grafted.

Like any other fruit trees, the pear needs protection from various diseases and pests. When planting a pear on your site, you need to know in advance what diseases you should beware of. To successfully carry out the struggle, it is necessary first to correctly identify the cause of the problem. It is important to distinguish signs of disease from manifestations of the presence of insects, mites, caterpillars and other types of pests.

Main characteristics
Authors
A. M. Lukashov, Khabarovsk (FGBUN "KhFITS FEB RAS")
Appeared when crossing
Finnish yellow x Ussuri pear
Name synonyms
Tyoma, Tyoma
Year of approval
1947
Appointment
technical
Yield
high
Average yield
84 kg per tree, 120-260 kg / ha
Marketability
up to 90%, including first grade - up to 50%
Wood
Growth type
vigorous
Height, m
3,4-3,7
Crown
wide pyramidal, often spreading, of medium density
Branches
skeletal branches branch off in whorls and at an acute angle from the trunk
Escapes
straight, well developed, brownish green
Leaves
on annual shoots ovoid, the base is rounded, the apex is pointed, almost wedge-shaped, the blade is slightly curved, the serration is finely serrate, the upper side of the leaf is dark green, shiny, the lower side is light greenish, slightly pubescent on the main vein, the petiole is long, thin , pubescent
Flowers
medium in size, white, monochromatic, the column of pistils is sticky at the base, located below the anthers of brown color, pedicels are long, of medium thickness, slightly pubescent
Fruit
Fruit weight, g
90-100, sometimes more
Fruit shape
broad pear-shaped
Fruit size
medium or large
Fruit color
main - light yellow, integumentary - orange-red, weak, dim, strokes
Pulp
juicy, medium density, with a loose consistency
Pulp color
White
Taste
sourish, tart, mediocre
Scent
expressed
Skin
smooth
Subcutaneous points
dark, numerous
Peduncle
long (2-4 cm), thick, slightly curved, fits in a shallow, narrow funnel formed by unequal protrusions
The chemical composition of the fruit
total sugars - 10.9%, titrated acids - 1.0%, tannins - 0.6%, pectin substances - 0.3%, ascorbic acid - 19.5 mg / 100g
Duration of storage of fruits
up to 20 days, in storage facilities with artificial climate - up to two months
Maturation
Ripening terms
early autumn
Fruit picking time
end of August
Consumer maturity
first decade of September
Early maturity
3-4 years after vaccination, mass fruiting - from 6-8 years
Frequency of fruiting
annual
Growing
Self-fertility
self-infertile
Pollinating varieties
Olga, Palmira, Fields
Crumbling
Yes
Winter hardiness
very high
Heat resistance
high
Growing regions
West Siberian, Far Eastern
Disease resistance
average
Pest resistance
affected by moth and moth
Scab resistance
steady
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