Pear Russian beauty (Beauty Chernenko)

Pear Russian beauty (Beauty Chernenko)
The main characteristics of the variety:
  • Authors: Gribanovskiy A.P., Chernenko S.F. (Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution Federal Scientific Center named after I.V. Michurin)
  • Appeared when crossing: Daughter of Blankova x Bere Ardanpon
  • Year of approval: 1996
  • Fruit weight, g: 150-200
  • Ripening terms: autumn
  • Fruit picking time: from the end of August
  • Appointment: fresh, for preservation
  • Growth type: vigorous
  • Yield: high
  • Marketability: high
View all specifications

The variety Russian Krasavitsa (Krasavitsa Chernenko) is an early autumn variety that brings large and very beautiful pears, which is why it got its name. Suitable for summer cottages and industrial cultivation. Fresh fruits are used for preserving, making juices and sweets.

Breeding history

The variety was created on the basis of the Federal Scientific Center named after I.V. Michurin by breeders A.P. Gribanovsky, S.F. Chernenko. The pear was obtained as a result of cross-pollination of the varieties Doch Blankova and Bere Ardanpon. The culture was included in the State Register in 1996.

Description of the variety

The tree is vigorous, grows up to 5-6 m, the bark is smooth brown, the crown is narrow, sparse, pyramidal in shape. The branches grow vertically, they are of medium thickness, reddish brown, shiny, resilient and firm. Buds are chestnut, triangular in shape, larger fruit buds, small growth buds. The leaves are dark green, large, long, the leaf blade is pointed, slightly concave, the edges are finely serrated, the petiole is of medium length.

The tree blooms in late May - early June, the buds bloom first on perennial, then on annual shoots. The flowers are large, bisexual. The tree tends to grow upward. It can grow for about 50 years or more with quality care.

Fruit characteristics

Fruits are large, weighing 150-200 g, can reach 300 g, have the shape of an elongated regular cone, lumpy, with a pleasant aroma. In the period of removable maturity, the color is greenish, on the sides it is slightly pink, when fully ripe it is yellow-green with a pronounced blush. The pulp is not very dense, dull white, juicy, melting. The skin is thin, with a barely noticeable bloom of wax. Seeds are dark brown, elongated. For transportation, it is recommended to remove pears a little unripe. High presentation, stored for up to 1.5 months in a cool dark place.

Taste qualities

Moderately sweet taste with a slight sourness. The pulp contains sugar - 9.8%, ascorbic acid - 5.7% in 100 g. Tasting score - 4.3 points, according to other sources 4.8.

Ripening and fruiting

Fruiting for 7-8 years after planting. Ripening begins at the end of August, yellowing of the skin testifies to the onset of maturity. The fruits are recommended to be removed as they ripen for 5-7 days, with caution, since the skin is rather thin. The tree tends to yield more crops than it can handle. With a large harvest, the fruits become smaller.

Ripening of pears begins in the second half of summer and lasts until mid-autumn. To keep the pears fresh and tasty until winter, harvesting takes into account the characteristics of the variety, the ripening time and the weather conditions in the region.

Yield

In the first harvests, up to 50-60 kg are removed from one tree, after another 4 years - up to 80-140 kg. Fruiting lasts about 30 years, then gradually decreases.

Growing regions

The variety is recommended for planting in the Central Black Earth and Central regions of Russia. They are planted in the Lower Volga region, in the North Caucasus, in the Ukraine, in Belarus, Transnistria, Central Asia.

Self-fertility and the need for pollinators

A self-fertile variety, it yields in a single planting, but to increase yields it is better to have pollinator varieties nearby: Lyubimets Yakovleva, Moskvichka, Lada Amurskaya, Bere Moskovskaya.

Landing

Prefers sunny areas, protected from wind and drafts. It is better to plant on the southern, southwestern or southeastern side, at a distance of 4-5 m from buildings, from trees - 5-6 m. Do not plant in lowlands and in places with close groundwater. The soil for planting should be loose and light, but clay substrates are also suitable. He loves slightly acidic soil, lime is added to very acidic ones.

Saplings are planted in a temperate climate in late April or early May, in the south - from late September to early October.

A pit for a two-year-old plant is made with a size of 80x70 cm, if the seedling is 3-4 years old, then the size is increased by 30 cm from the root volume of the plant. Open roots are soaked in water before planting.

3 buckets of water are poured into the pit, in one of them 2 tbsp are bred. l. dolomite flour. Then a mound is made from a mixture of garden soil, 2-3 buckets of fermented manure, superphosphate - 250 g, potassium sulfate - 3 tbsp. l. A support is stuck into the mound, a plant is placed next to it and the roots are distributed along the embankment. A tree in a container is planted with an earthen lump. The root neck is placed at a height of 6 cm from the surface. After planting, the seedling is watered and mulched, tied to a support.

In order for the pears to be tasty and of high quality, and the yields to be consistently high, you need to responsibly approach the planting of a fruit tree. When planting a pear, you need to take into account many factors: correctly determine the timing, choose the right place, pay attention to the preparation of the planting pit.
Pear grafting is a simple and exciting procedure, but it requires accuracy and adherence to a number of rules. First of all, you need to take care of the selection and procurement of inoculation material, understand the timing and methods of vaccination. An important point is also the choice of the rootstock, on the quality of which the result of the entire event and future fruiting will directly depend.

Growing and care

The variety does not tolerate prolonged drought, with a lack of moisture, the skin of the fruit becomes tough and bitter, the leaves begin to turn yellow and dry out at the tips. With an excess of moisture or in a rainy summer, various diseases may appear.

Watered during the season 2-4 times, 30-40 liters of water under the tree. In hot and dry months, more often: the soil is not allowed to dry out deeper than 10-15 cm. It is obligatory to water during the formation of buds, then after flowering during the formation of ovaries, the last watering is carried out in the fall. It is considered to be water-charging, in the middle lane it is made in the last days of September.

Young trees are irrigated more often: every week, 10-15 liters. At the age of 5 years, pears are watered only once every 3 weeks for 20-25 liters. After watering, the land is loosened and mulched.

To obtain a high-quality harvest, they must be fed. In autumn, organic mixtures of 25-30 kg are poured into the ground under an adult pear (compost, humus, manure, chicken droppings), wood ash can be added - 700 g. Mineral compositions are used all season. Before flowering, make nitrate - 60 g or urea - 120 g. With the end of flowering, the crown is sprayed with a solution of 5% urea. In autumn, they are fed with superphosphate - 120 g and potassium chloride - 60 g. For young plants, the dose is reduced by 1.5 times.

The variety requires formative pruning. For the first time, it is carried out in the second year after disembarkation, before budding in April. 3-4 of the strongest branches are chosen and shortened by 30-35 cm, the main trunk is cut by 20-25 cm, the rest of the shoots are cut off completely. Then they are cut off annually, forming according to a sparse-tiered pattern. Fruiting trees need thinning pruning, and old trees need rejuvenating ones. Sanitary pruning can be done throughout the season, but no later than October.

In young trees, branches should be bent at an angle of 50-70 degrees, since they tend to grow vertically upward.A load is tied to the shoots, fixed with twine and pegs driven into the ground, spacers are placed.

In order for a pear to grow correctly and give high yields, its branches must be cut off in time. Pruning can be done in both spring and fall. Depending on the age of the tree and the goals set, pruning can be: sanitary, thinning, shaping, stimulating, rejuvenating.
Feeding pears is a must-have procedure that cannot be ignored. Experienced gardeners recommend applying the first fertilizers two years after planting the tree. The process is divided into 3 main stages, which are determined by the timing of ripening, flowering and fruiting of the pear.
There are two ways to grow a pear seedling - vegetative and by seed. The first method is the most common, including propagation by cuttings, air layers, seedling buds. Seeds are grown less often, since in order to get a bountiful harvest with good taste of the fruit, the seedling will need to be grafted.

Disease and pest resistance

The variety has a high immunity to scab. It is prone to get sick with powdery mildew, brown spot, fruit rot. For prophylaxis use Bordeaux liquid, the drug "Horus".

The pear tree attracts the sawfly, the gall mite, the pear tree, and the gall midge. Insecticides "Zolon", "Melation" are used against them. It is not recommended to plant next to a juniper: the plant is a carrier of many diseases.

Like any other fruit trees, the pear needs protection from various diseases and pests. When planting a pear on your site, you need to know in advance what diseases you should beware of. To successfully carry out the struggle, it is necessary first to correctly identify the cause of the problem. It is important to distinguish signs of disease from manifestations of the presence of insects, mites, caterpillars and other types of pests.

Resistance to soil and climatic conditions

The Russian beauty can withstand winter temperatures down to -20 degrees. In temperate climates, for a successful wintering, the trunk and branches are insulated. In autumn, the bark is covered with water-based paint to protect it from cracking and sunburn. A layer of mulch 15-20 cm thick is placed on the ground around the trunk, the trunk is wrapped with spruce branches or burlap. Often, the culture is grafted into more cold-resistant species.

Review overview

Gardeners note that a young tree needs careful care, feeding and shelter for the winter, but it grows strong and gives a good harvest of sweet and juicy fruits. There is a positive experience of grafting the branches of a Russian beauty on a Moskvichka pear, the grafting begins to bear fruit for 3 years.

Main characteristics
Authors
Gribanovsky A.P., Chernenko S.F. (Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution I.V. Michurin Federal Scientific Center)
Appeared when crossing
Daughter of Blankova x Bere Ardanpon
Year of approval
1996
Appointment
fresh, for preservation
Yield
high
Average yield
127 kg / ha, 50-60 kg per tree
Marketability
high
Wood
Growth type
vigorous
Height, m
5-6
Crown
rare, narrow pyramidal
Escapes
medium thickness, slightly curved, slight geniculation, reddish brown, hairless, shiny
Leaves
large, elongated, dark green, long-pointed, wedge-shaped base; the blade is curved, slightly folded, the edge of the leaf is finely serrated, slightly serrated, uneven; petiole of medium length and thickness, not pubescent; stipules large, elongated, subulate
Flowers
large, bloom at the end of May
Fruiting type
on ringlets and fruit twigs
Fruit
Fruit weight, g
150-200
Fruit shape
pear-shaped
Fruit size
large
Coloring of the fruit during the period of removable maturity
main greenish, integumentary - sometimes a slight blush
Fruit color during consumer maturity
main greenish-yellow, integumentary - on the part of the fruit, a blurred weak reddish-brown blush
Pulp
medium density, juicy, tender, semi-oily, melting
Pulp color
White
Taste
sour sweet
Scent
light
Skin
tender, with a slight fatty coating
Peduncle
long, curved, thick
The chemical composition of the fruit
sugars - 9.8%, titrated acids - 0.28%, ascorbic acid - 5.7 mg / 100g, P-active substances - 74 mg / 100g, chlorogenic acid - 75 mg / 100g
Tasting assessment
4,3
Duration of storage of fruits
up to 1.5 months
Maturation
Ripening terms
autumn
Fruit picking time
from the end of August
Early maturity
7-8 years after planting in the garden
Growing
Self-fertility
self-fertile
Pollinating varieties
varieties of average flowering period, the best - Lyubimitsa Yakovleva
Winter hardiness
average
Growing regions
Central
Disease resistance
high
Scab resistance
high
Resistance to fungal diseases
stable
Reviews
There are no reviews.
Popular varieties of pears
Pear Abbot Vettel Abbot Vettel Pear August dew August dew Pear Bryansk beauty Bryansk beauty Pear Veles Veles Pear Prominent Prominent Children's pear Children Pear Elena Helena Pear Cathedral Cathedral Pear Conference The conference Pear Krasulia Krasulia Pear Lada Lada Pear Forest Beauty Forest beauty Pear Yakovlev's Favorite Favorite of Yakovlev Pear Honey Honey Pear Moskvichka Muscovite Pear Marble Marble Pear Nika Nika Pear Autumn Yakovleva Autumn Yakovleva Pear in Memory of Yakovlev In memory of Yakovlev Pear Memory Zhegalov Memory of Zhegalov Pear Just Maria Simply Maria Pear Russian beauty (Beauty Chernenko) Russian beauty Pear Severyanka Severyanka Pear Fabulous Fabulous Pear Skorospelka from Michurinsk Skorospelka from Michurinsk Pear Talgar beauty Talgar beauty Pear Extravaganza Extravaganza Pear Trout Trout Pear Chizhovskaya Chizhovskaya Pear Yakovlevskaya Yakovlevskaya
All varieties of pears - 111 pcs.
Other cultures
Apricot varieties Apricot varieties Cherry plum varieties Cherry plum varieties Eggplant varieties Eggplant varieties Grape varieties Grape varieties Cherry varieties Cherry varieties Blueberry varieties Blueberry varieties Pea varieties Pea varieties Pear varieties Pear varieties Blackberry varieties Blackberry varieties Honeysuckle varieties Honeysuckle varieties Strawberry (strawberry) varieties Strawberry (strawberry) varieties Zucchini varieties Zucchini varieties Cabbage varieties Cabbage varieties Potato varieties Potato varieties Gooseberry varieties Gooseberry varieties Onion varieties Onion varieties Raspberry varieties Raspberry varieties Carrot varieties Carrot varieties Cucumber varieties Cucumber varieties Peach varieties Peach varieties Pepper varieties Pepper varieties Parsley varieties Parsley varieties Radish varieties Radish varieties Rose varieties Rose varieties Beet varieties Beet varieties Plum varieties Plum varieties Currant varieties Currant varieties Tomato varieties Tomato varieties Pumpkin varieties Pumpkin varieties Dill varieties Dill varieties Cauliflower varieties Cauliflower varieties Cherry varieties Cherry varieties Garlic varieties Garlic varieties Apple varieties Apple varieties

Kitchen

Bedroom

Furniture