Pear Lear

Pear Lear
The main characteristics of the variety:
  • Authors: Sedov E.N., Krasova N.G., Mikheeva M.V., Parshin A.V., Glazova N.M. (FGBNU VNII Selection of fruit crops)
  • Appeared when crossing: Bere winter Michurina x Forest beauty
  • Year of approval: 2002
  • Fruit weight, g: 140
  • Ripening terms: early winter
  • Fruit picking time: September 15-20
  • Growth type: vigorous
  • Yield: high
  • Marketability: high
  • Crown: wide pyramidal, medium density
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Most summer residents and farmers try to plant fruit trees, in particular pears, which are characterized by early maturity and excellent yields. These include the early winter pear species called Lyra.

Breeding history

Pear Lira is the creation of a group of Russian scientists from the All-Russian Research Institute for Breeding Fruit Crops (E. N. Sedov, M. V. Mikheeva, A. V. Parshin, N. G. Krasov). This species was bred in 2000 by crossing two popular varieties - Bere Zimnaya Michurina and Lesnaya Krasavitsa. The variety is zoned in the Central and Central Black Earth regions. The fruit crop was added to the State Register of Breeding Achievements of the Russian Federation in 2002.

Description of the variety

Pear Lira is a tall tree that grows very quickly. The fruit crop is characterized by a wide-pyramidal crown shape with moderate thickening of dark green foliage, arcuate shoots of medium thickness, brownish-brown color, conical buds, white flowers collected in fluffy inflorescences. The fruits are tied with ringlets and spears.

Fruit characteristics

Pear Lira belongs to the large-fruited class. On average, the weight of a pear is 140 grams, but under favorable conditions the fruit reaches 200-250 g. The shape of the fruit is correct - elongated pear-shaped, sometimes with a slight bevel on one side. The fruit stem is short, so they can fall off in strong winds. The peel of pears is smooth, dull and dry, on which numerous, grayish-green dots are clearly visible. Ripe pears have a light yellow color, diluted on one side with a pink blush.

The advantage of fruits is their transportability and long shelf life (3-4 months). The purpose of the fruits is universal, therefore they are eaten fresh, processed into puree, drinks, jam, and can also be preserved.

Taste qualities

Taste qualities, as well as marketable ones, are excellent for this species. The snow-white pulp of the fruit is endowed with firmness, fine grain and excellent juiciness. The taste is dominated by pleasant sweetness with a slight sourness. The aroma of pears is of low intensity, but very pleasant.

Ripening and fruiting

The Lyre pear tree belongs to the early winter species. The tree begins to bear fruit at the age of 6. Fruit ripens on the tree in the second half of September. The consumer period lasts from the first week of October to the end of the year. The pear bears fruit regularly.

Ripening of pears begins in the second half of summer and lasts until mid-autumn. To keep the pears fresh and tasty until winter, harvesting takes into account the characteristics of the variety, the ripening time and the weather conditions in the region.

Yield

The yield indicators of the tree are excellent. On average, about 80 kg of fruit can be harvested from one pear. On farmlands, trees growing on 1 hectare yield 71 centners of juicy and sweet pears.

Growing regions

The fruit crop grows well in central Russia, throughout Ukraine and in the southern part of Belarus. Applying a number of agrotechnical techniques, the variety can be grown in more northern latitudes.

Self-fertility and the need for pollinators

The Lyra tree belongs to the self-fertile class, but several other varieties of pears planted nearby, in which the flowering time coincides with this species, will not interfere, since this contributes to an increase in yield indicators.

Landing

You can plant seedlings in autumn and spring, but autumn trees begin to bear fruit a little earlier. In spring, planting is carried out in late March - early April, and in autumn - 22-26 days before the first frost. When planting trees, it is recommended to maintain a distance of 4 or 5 meters between them.

In order for the pears to be tasty and of high quality, and the yields to be consistently high, you need to responsibly approach the planting of a fruit tree. When planting a pear, you need to take into account many factors: correctly determine the timing, choose the right place, pay attention to the preparation of the planting pit.
Pear grafting is a simple and exciting procedure, but it requires accuracy and adherence to a number of rules. First of all, you need to take care of the selection and procurement of inoculation material, deal with the timing and methods of vaccination. An important point is also the choice of the rootstock, on the quality of which the result of the entire event and future fruiting will directly depend.

Growing and care

The best is loamy or sod-podzolic soil. The main thing is that the area where the Lyre pear will grow is well lit by the sun, then the fruits on the tree will be sweet. A good irrigation system should be installed on the site. Groundwater must run deep.

Comprehensive care consists of a number of manipulations: regular watering, weed control, fertilization (spring, autumn, summer), protection from viruses and insects. The Lyre tree is crown-forming, so no special pruning is required. It is recommended to thin out the foliage in the first few years, as well as sanitary pruning twice a year. In addition, the tree is prepared for winter: the trunk and branches are whitewashed with lime, and the near-stem zone is mulched.

In order for a pear to grow correctly and give high yields, its branches must be cut off in time. Pruning can be done in both spring and fall. Depending on the age of the tree and the goals set, pruning can be: sanitary, thinning, shaping, stimulating, rejuvenating.
Feeding pears is a must-have procedure that cannot be ignored. Experienced gardeners recommend applying the first fertilizers two years after planting the tree. The process is divided into 3 main stages, which are determined by the timing of ripening, flowering and fruiting of the pear.
There are two ways to grow a pear seedling - vegetative and by seed. The first method is the most common, including propagation by cuttings, air layers, seedling buds. Seeds are grown less often, since in order to get a bountiful harvest with good taste of the fruit, the seedling will need to be grafted.

Disease and pest resistance

The pear is resistant to scab, but can be prone to other diseases such as rust, fruit rot, and fire blight. As a preventive measure, treatments in spring and autumn with special preparations (10% urea solution) are effective. From insect pests (aphids, pear mites and flower beetles), treatment with insecticidal preparations will be a reliable protection. During active fruiting, processing cannot be carried out.

Like any other fruit trees, the pear needs protection from various diseases and pests. When planting a pear on your site, you need to know in advance what diseases you should beware of. To successfully carry out the struggle, it is necessary first to correctly identify the cause of the problem. It is important to distinguish signs of disease from manifestations of the presence of insects, mites, caterpillars and other types of pests.

Resistance to soil and climatic conditions

The stress resistance of the fruit tree is average. Low frost resistance is characteristic, as well as the fear of sudden temperature fluctuations. The tree is thermophilic, therefore it requires a lot of sun, and not shade.

Main characteristics
Authors
Sedov E.N., Krasova N.G., Mikheeva M.V., Parshin A.V., Glazova N.M. (FGBNU All-Russian Research Institute of Selection of Fruit Crops)
Appeared when crossing
Bere winter Michurina x Forest beauty
Year of approval
2002
Yield
high
Average yield
71 kg / ha, 80 kg / der
Marketability
high
Wood
Growth type
vigorous
Crown
wide pyramidal, medium density
Escapes
geniculate, arcuate, faceted, brownish brown, glabrous, of medium thickness
Leaves
oblong, ovoid, dark green, medium size, smooth, shiny, with gentle nerves; the leaf blade is curved downward, without pubescence; the edge of the sheet is solid, wavy; petiole long, thin, without pubescence
Flowers
white, five-petal
Fruiting type
on ringlets and spears
Fruit
Fruit weight, g
140
Fruit shape
elongated pear-shaped
Fruit size
large
Fruit color
light yellow, integumentary - pink blush on the smaller part of the fruit
Pulp
prickly, fine-grained, very juicy
Pulp color
White
Taste
sweet with a slight sourness
Scent
average
Skin
smooth, dry, dull
Subcutaneous points
numerous, medium-sized, greenish-gray, clearly visible
Peduncle
medium length, thick, curved, oblique
The chemical composition of the fruit
7.9% sugars, 0.1% acids, 14.0 mg / 100g ascorbic acid
Duration of storage of fruits
3-4 months
Maturation
Ripening terms
early winter
Fruit picking time
September 15-20
Duration of the consumer period
from early October to late December
Early maturity
for 6 years
Frequency of fruiting
regular
Growing
Self-fertility
self-fertile
Winter hardiness
average
Growing regions
Central
Scab resistance
stable
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