Pear Miracle

This culture is, indeed, the Miracle - in configuration it resembles an apple, and in terms of quality characteristics it is an excellent pear with unforgettable taste.

The miracle is classified as a relatively young culture. It was created in 2001 by employees of the All-Russian Research Institute of Genetics and Selection of Fruit Plants named after V.I. IV Michurin by crossing the Talgar beauty and the Daughter of Dawn. A group of scientists consisting of S.P. Yakovlev, A.P. Gribanovsky, N.I.Savelyev, V.V. Chivilev, E.N.Dzhigallo managed to create a productive winter plant especially for the Central Black Earth Region.

The culture is medium-sized with pyramidal, medium-dense and spreading crowns. Smooth and straight shoots of small thickness, brownish and devoid of pubescence, grow straight. A small amount of lentils.

Small leaves of green shades, ovoid configuration with slightly pointed tips, slightly serrated at the edges. Flowers of white color, five-leafed, grouped into inflorescences.

By the type of fruiting, the culture is mixed.

Of the advantages of the variety, we note:

• high yield;

• a good level of resistance to diseases and sabotage attacks;

• long consumer terms.

Minuses:

• careful control over the condition of the crowns is necessary;

• with excessive thickening, the crown of the pear becomes noticeably smaller.

In the botanical sense, the fruits are called apples, because they have a short-pear-shaped, truncated-conical configuration. Average weight - 130 g. Peel in the process of picking pears of green shades, not very dense, with some degree of oiliness and waxy coating. After ripening, it is greenish-yellow with pinkish tones. The degree of rusting is low. Subcutaneous spots are clearly pronounced. Consistency during full ripening of creamy shades, slightly oily, firm, juicy, slightly granular. Peduncles are small, obliquely set, curved.

By chemical composition, the fruits include: dry ingredients - 13.3%, sugars - 9.6%, titratable acids - 0.3%, ascorbic acid - 7.9 mg / 100g, P-active ingredients - 176.0 mg / 100g.

Fruit picking is usually carried out in the second half of September. In a cool storage, pears are stored without loss of quality parameters for up to 5 months.

In terms of taste, the fruits are sour-sweet, there is no astringency sensation. Tasting score in points - 4.3.

In terms of ripening, the pear belongs to winter crops. Pear harvesting starts in the third week of September. By early maturity - the time of fruiting occurs at 5-6 years of growth.

Fruiting is high - up to 132 kg / ha.

By the type of fruiting, the culture is mixed.

The culture gravitates towards illuminated places, with a distance of 5-6 m from other trees. Groundwater should not be located closer than 2-2.5 m from the upper edge of the soil. The method of planting seedlings is not much different from the order of planting other similar crops. There is practically no fundamental difference in spring and autumn planting. The landing grooves are prepared 80-90 cm in width and 70 cm in depth. The miracle does not adapt to clayey soils, for this reason it is important to determine the upper layers of fertile soils, and also to make sure that the lower layers do not contain clay inclusions. It is desirable to add sand additives and rotted manure, which improves the quality of the soil and its mechanical properties. When planting, the root collars of seedlings should be located several centimeters above the ground level. It is imperative to tie up annual seedlings.

The mulching process is a must, since it allows you to retain moisture, effectively inhibits the growth of weeds.

One-year or two-year-old young animals adapt more effectively. In warmer latitudes, they prefer to use a quince stock. Saplings grafted on wild pears are developing vigorously. When choosing trees with an open root system, we advise you to select plants with pronounced taproots - they develop more reliably and steadily.

Immediately after the planting of seedlings, they are cut off. The main conductor should be shortened - up to 50-60 cm. 3-4 lateral shoots should be left, growing in different directions, shortening them by 30% of the length. Later, in the process of pruning, a longline crown is formed.

Taking care of the crop, special attention is paid to pruning, since the thickening of the crowns is unacceptable - the fruits begin to become very shallow.

Whitewashing, which is carried out both in the spring and in the fall, should not be ignored.

When feeding the planting pits with humus or mineral fertilizers over the next few years, you will avoid the need for additional feeding.

And when mulching the near-stem space of trees with the help of humus or freshly cut grass during the season, you can not worry about additional additions of the usually recommended macro- and microelements to the soil.

The culture has a powerful tap root system, it is drought-resistant. Irrigation of trees is especially important during their flowering and fruit emergence - each tree requires at least 30-40 liters of liquid. In autumn, after harvesting, do not forget about water-charging irrigation, which is carried out about one month before the onset of a cold pore.

A good degree of culture stability has been tested by practice, of course, with the correct implementation of the rules of agricultural care. The most dangerous for her are the harmful attacks of the pear copper. Evidence of the commission of such attacks is the appearance on the leaves of a soot plaque, which is revealed when sticky secretions appear by the larvae of the pest.

Treatment of trees with a kerosene-oil emulsion in the spring, in the period before the buds open, will be an effective prophylactic agent here. The recipe for preparing the mixture is simple: in a small volume of warm water we dilute 40 g of grated household soap, add about 80 ml of kerosene there, stir, add 10 liters of water, and spray the trees, trying to cover the entire space of the crown.

The August treatment of plantings with the help of insecticides is no less relevant. During this period, the sucker prepares for wintering, and the effect of prophylactic agents significantly reduces the number of harmful insects. The most effective of these means are "Aktara", "Karbofos", "Commander". When using these products, it is worth remembering that they are toxic.

Agrotechnical measures to prevent the spread of harmful organisms are bark care (covering cracks, removing moss and dead bark); collection and removal of fallen leaves and fruits.

It is also important to remember about tree trimming. Broken and defective branches must be removed. We process the slices with a special pitch. The culture is extremely sensitive to bacterial burns that are transmitted through contaminated equipment, therefore, the pruner should be thoroughly disinfected before pruning.

Most experts characterize the culture as highly winter-resistant, but some gardeners-practitioners note that when it is grown a little north of the recommended areas, the facts of freezing of trees have been recorded.