Deep penetration primer: what it is and what is it for

Surface priming is a necessary step in finishing work. Primer mixtures improve adhesion and, in certain cases, reduce the consumption of finishing materials. There are many varieties of such solutions on the building materials market. Let us consider in detail what a deep penetration primer is, for what it is needed.

Deep penetration primer is intended for the treatment of porous surfaces. When applied, the mixture penetrates into the structure of the material to a great depth, fills the pores and, when dried, forms a protective film on the treated surface. Deep penetration mixtures are often produced in accordance with TU 2316-003-11779802-99 and GOST 28196-89. The solutions are used to treat walls, ceilings and floors before further surface finishing.

A deep penetration primer is produced in the form of:

• a powdery substance that must be diluted before application;
• ready-to-use mixture.

Penetrating deep into the structure of the material, this material makes the surface more durable. Due to it, the level of adhesion increases. It reduces the porosity of the treated surface. Most formulations include special components, thanks to which the walls, floor or ceiling will be protected from the formation and spread of fungus and mold. A deep penetration primer reduces the consumption of paints and varnishes and adhesive mixtures per square meter. The decorative coating can be applied to the base coat easily and evenly.

The penetrating composition has a number of special technical indicators.

Consider the main technical characteristics:

• Penetration depth. The standard value is 0.5 cm. For high-quality mixes, the penetration depth can be up to 10 mm.
• Material consumption can be from 50 to 300 g per square meter. It all depends on the specific type of primer composition and the type of surface to be treated.
• Dry residue. The higher the value of this indicator, the more water can be used to dilute the soil without deteriorating its characteristics. After diluting the mixture in water, the dry residue should not fall below 5%.

• The drying time of the coating depends on the composition of the mixture. At a temperature of 20 degrees Celsius and an air humidity of 70%, the average drying time can be from 1 to 3 hours.
• The operating temperature ranges from - 40 to + 60 degrees.
• The particle diameter of the mixture can be from 0.05 to 0.15 μm. The solution can be applied at temperatures from 5 to 30 degrees.

Depending on the composition, primer mixtures are divided into several varieties. Each species has its own distinctive features and properties. Let's consider the main types of deep penetrating mixtures:

They are considered universal, as they are suitable for almost any material. These mixtures are characterized by good absorption and quick drying. The penetration depth of the solution can reach 10 mm. Great for applying to walls before wallpapering.

Such soil is used for external and internal work. Silicone mixtures strengthen the surface well, have a water-repellent property.Silicone primer is suitable for treating the substrate under various types of finishing materials.

The alkyd primer is not recommended for crumbling surfaces (eg plaster, plaster). It is used more often to strengthen wood and metal. The mixture strengthens the structure and protects it from the formation of fungus and mold. This primer is well compatible with PVA, nitro paints, alkyd paints and varnishes and acrylic-based putty.

Such primers are used exclusively for painting. They are distinguished by a high drying speed and reduce the consumption of dye mixtures.

These mixtures are used for processing metal and concrete. They improve the level of wear resistance of the coating.

Such a primer is suitable for treating wooden and plastered surfaces, it forms a moisture-resistant protective film. The disadvantage of this primer is the high level of toxicity.

Shellac primers are used to treat wooden surfaces, they penetrate deeply into the structure of the material and strengthen its inner and outer layers, prevent resin from escaping through the wood fibers to the outside. After drying, such a primer forms a strong protective film on the surface. The covering film protects the wood from moisture and decay processes.

Such a primer is applied under silicate coloring mixtures. It forms a durable coating that has good vapor permeability and resistance to temperature extremes. Great for outdoor decoration.

Latex primer is made on the basis of water and polymers. With the help of this material, stubborn stains of rust, soot and other types of dirt can be hidden on the surface. Such a primer is suitable for external and internal work.

Water-dispersive primer is intended for indoor and outdoor use. Differs in frost resistance, high level of adhesion, protects the surface from environmental influences. A highly concentrated mixture can be diluted with water without losing the quality of its properties.

To give the soil additional useful properties, manufacturers add special components to the mixtures. At their expense, the primer is classified by purpose.

The antifungal mixture has protective properties against mold and mildew formation. The soil acquires such properties, thanks to the fungicides that are part of its composition. Fungicides not only prevent mold and mildew contamination of the surface, but also destroy the already incipient microorganisms. Such a composition is also used for already infected surfaces.

By its properties, it resembles an anti-fungal mixture. The difference is that the antiseptic primer is used only to protect coatings from fungus and mold. Only an uninfected surface can be treated with an antiseptic soil.

Used for exterior wall decoration. Facade primer strengthens the walls, improves the water-repellent characteristics of the base.

This primer roughens the surface, improving adhesion. Such a primer is suitable only for interior finishing work.

Primer mixes differ in shades. For any surface to be treated, you can choose a mixture that is most suitable in shade, including a transparent variety. A white primer is often applied under the wallpaper. This allows the coating to be brightened without color distortion.

Deep-penetrating mixtures are designed for different types of surfaces. Let's consider several types.

Wood surfaces are subject to external influences; without high-quality processing and finishing, they do not last long.A mixture of deep penetration strengthens the structure of the material, increases the service life of the wood. Antiseptics, which are part of most deeply penetrating soils, will provide additional protection against mold and mildew.

Deep-penetrating mixtures strengthen the brick surface, which makes it possible to extend the service life of such a material. The properties of the composition make it possible to bind the surface with microcracks together.

First of all, old concrete coatings need deep penetration soil treatment. Penetrating into the structure of the surface, the primer evens it out, binding the dust.

The primer strengthens the surface and prevents shedding. In addition, the mixture reduces the absorbency of the plaster.

Deeply penetrating mixtures are not suitable for all materials. Plasterboard surfaces are not recommended to be treated with such a primer. High quality drywall has a strong structure, it does not need additional reinforcement. The structure of a poor quality material cannot be strengthened with soil. Deep penetration primer is suitable for the treatment of surfaces with good absorbency. For this reason, it is inappropriate to use a primer for metal substrates.

In order for the result of finishing work to be of high quality and meet your expectations, it is worthwhile to take a responsible approach to the choice of a primer mixture. It is imperative that you purchase a high quality mix. Cheap formulations will not provide adequate surface protection and good adhesion. Before buying, you should familiarize yourself with the most popular manufacturers and the composition of primers. There are a number of significant factors to consider when choosing a primer. Let's highlight the main ones.

Initially, it is worth deciding what kind of work the primer is intended for. Varieties for preparing the substrate indoors or outdoors are different. For outdoor work, it is better to use special facade mixtures that are frost-resistant and moisture-resistant. For interior work, you need to select a more environmentally friendly primer that does not contain toxins. To prepare surfaces in rooms with a high level of humidity, you need to choose a soil with an antiseptic.

It is worth carefully studying the marking: it should indicate for which specific types of base the composition is suitable (walls, floor, ceiling). The material on which the primer will be applied is different; you cannot use the first thing that you like on the shop window for processing.

The type of finishing works matters. Compositions for surface treatment for painting, tiling, decorative plaster and wallpaper are different.

For interior work, it is better to choose mixtures that dry quickly. This will shorten the time required to prepare the foundation.

The consumption of the primer per 1 m2 depends on the type of material to be processed, the composition of the mixture, the temperature at which the work will be carried out. Despite the fact that deep penetration primers are made on the basis of similar technical specifications and GOSTs, the composition of the soil from different manufacturers may differ.

The approximate consumption of the primer per square meter is always indicated by the manufacturer on the packaging. In fact, it may be different: porous walls can absorb more of it during the first application of the primer. The proportions of the consumption of deep penetration primer differ significantly from the consumption of other types of primer mixtures. Basically, the range of consumption per square meter for the application of one layer of deep penetrating mortar is from 80 to 180 g.

It is not particularly difficult to process the walls, floor or ceiling with a primer mixture with your own hands. The first step in interior or exterior work is surface preparation.If there is a layer of old finish on it, it must be cleaned. Pieces of paint or plaster can be removed with a stiff trowel. After the old coating is completely removed, the surface must be cleaned of dirt and dust. The base can be washed under the primer with a clean damp cloth or brush.

The next step is to prepare the solution. Detailed instructions for using the mixture are indicated on the package. If you have purchased a liquid primer, this material is already ready to use. Dry primer mixtures must first be diluted with water. The primer must be applied to the surface with a brush or roller.

If the surface to be treated is smooth, it is more convenient to use a roller with a long nap. After priming work, it should dry well before further finishing.

Before you purchase deep penetration soil for finishing work, it is recommended that you familiarize yourself with the most famous manufacturers and reviews of their products. Only a high quality primer will strengthen the surface to be treated and facilitate the application of the topcoat. The rating of popular products includes products of several brands.

The company produces a separate line of deep penetrating primers. Facade silicone deep-penetrating primer is used for outdoor work. It increases the level of moisture resistance of the base and stabilizes the vapor permeability indicators, strengthens loose and fragile bases.

An acrylic-based interior primer can be applied to an old coat of oil paint or alkyd enamel. It is suitable for priming the floor. The composition contains an antiseptic that prevents the formation of mold and mildew. Such a primer strengthens the structure of the treated coating.

A penetrating primer concentrate provides good adhesion. Forms a moisture-proof protective film on the surface. Buyers highlight the ease of application, good absorbency, low mortar consumption, and short drying time. This primer mix has excellent characteristics and high quality. Among the shortcomings of the material, buyers emit an unpleasant odor and a too liquid consistency.

The deep-penetrating solution "Prospectors" is applicable for external and internal work. It strengthens the base and reduces the consumption of paints and varnishes during further finishing. The primer solution contains antiseptic additives that protect the surface from the spread of fungus and mold. Reviews of this product are mostly positive.

Among the advantages of the deep-penetrating soil "Prospectors" are:

• even and durable coating after application;
• Excellent value for money and quality;
• high drying speed.

Minor disadvantages include a slight odor, as well as the difficulty of removing the mixture from surfaces not intended for processing.

The Tex company produces a separate line of deeply penetrating primers. Deep-penetrating solution two in one "Universal" is intended for application on a porous base before painting with water-dispersion mixtures, filling, finishing with tile materials. Water-dispersion mixture "Economy" must be used for interior decoration. Can be used in rooms with high humidity levels. It is suitable as a cover for wallpaper. The deep-penetrating solution "Optimum" can be used for interior and exterior decoration, it improves adhesion, reduces the consumption of paints and varnishes during further finishing.

Reviews of the brand's products are mostly positive.

Buyers highlight the following features:

• low cost;
• good quality;
• short drying time;
• good adhesion;
• strengthening the surface structure;
• good absorbency.

Some buyers consider the unpleasant smell of the solution to be a minor drawback.

The Bolars firm produces high-quality materials for professional construction using modern high-tech equipment. This company has its own scientific laboratories in its arsenal to determine the quality of raw materials and finished materials. Bolars deep penetration primer strengthens the structure of porous surfaces, improves adhesion and reduces the consumption of paints and varnishes during further finishing. The Bolars primer has proven itself in the building materials market and has only positive customer reviews. Consumers note the low consumption of the mixture, fast drying.

The Lakra company produces paints and varnishes using modern technologies. The products of this company are of high quality and environmental friendliness. The Lakra deep penetration primer is produced in three modifications, including an interior primer with anti-mildew additives, similar to an acrylic-based one, and a universal one with anti-mildew additives.

The greatest demand is for an interior mixture with anti-mildew additives and a universal primer. These materials have only positive reviews.

Consumers highlight the following advantages of Lakra soil:

• low cost;
• durable coating;
• high quality;
• saving the consumption of paint and varnish and adhesive mixtures;
• good surface hardening.

The Ceresit company independently carries out research and development work and develops unique technologies for the manufacture of finishing materials. Ceresit CT 17 deep penetration primer is one of the most demanded primers on the market.

Buyers highlight the following product benefits:

• suitable for all types of absorbent surfaces;
• has a short drying time;
• easy to apply;
• is of high quality;
• increases the level of adhesion;
• strengthens the surface structure;
• binds dust;
• reduces surface absorbency;
• reduces the consumption of paints and varnishes during further finishing;
• economical to use.

Among the disadvantages are the high cost of the material and an unpleasant odor.

Knauf is the largest manufacturer of building materials, known all over the world. The company produces high quality, environmentally friendly materials. The strengthening deep-penetrating soil "Knauf-Tiefengrund" is made on the basis of a polymer dispersion. This mixture is suitable for indoor and outdoor use. Buyers note the high quality of the Knauf-Tiefengrund material and the reasonable price. Other advantages include good adhesion and high drying speed. The buyers did not reveal any shortcomings.

The products of the Descartes company produced by the Expert trade mark are in great demand in the Russian market. The deep-penetrating solution "Expert" is made on an acrylic basis from imported high-quality raw materials. This material is suitable for interior and exterior preparatory work. It is used before painting or filling the surface. Customers note a good level of adhesion, this primer reduces the absorbency of the surface. Despite the fact that the soil "Expert" copes with the main tasks, consumers say about the low quality of the mixture.

Axton offers a wide range of primers. Axton Deep Penetrating Latex Blend is designed to improve adhesion and reinforce the structure of the substrate prior to finishing. Buyers note the ease of application of the mixture, improved adhesion of the surface to other materials and the low cost of the material. The minor disadvantages of the solution include an unpleasant odor.

Osnovit is one of the leaders in the production of dry finishing mixtures in Russia. The company develops its own unique technologies for the production of building materials. Quality control is passed not only for the finished product, but also for the raw materials used in the production of the primer. Deep-penetrating mixture "Osnovit Dipkont LP53" can be used for external and internal repair work. The mixture is designed to strengthen old fragile surfaces with a loose structure. Buyers note a good level of adhesion of the treated substrate and a low consumption of primer mixture.

Unis has been manufacturing materials for renovation and construction since 1994. The company offers a wide range of ready-made mixtures for finishing and construction work. The recipe for the manufacture of building materials is being developed on the basis of our own research center. Unis products have good technical characteristics and meet high international standards.

Unis deep penetrating primer can be used for external and internal work in dry, unheated and damp rooms. The mixture strengthens old and loose substrates and promotes good adhesion.

Buyers highlight the following product benefits:

• good adhesion;
• low consumption of the mixture;
• high drying speed;
• lack of unpleasant odor;
• good absorbency;
• even coverage.

Some deep penetrating primers contain harmful substances and are toxic.

When working with these solutions, you must observe safety precautions:

• The primer dries the skin, so avoid getting the mixture on the skin. Work must be carried out in protective clothing. Hands must be protected with gloves.
• Use a respirator or mask to protect the respiratory system from harmful vapors. If finishing work is carried out indoors, care must be taken to thoroughly ventilate the room.
• Special construction goggles must be worn to protect the mucous membrane of the eyes.
• If it is necessary to treat a surface with a dense structure with a primer, it is better to use a concrete contact. It contains quartz sand, which ensures good adhesion.

For information on how to prime the wall, see the next video.