Enamel PF-115: characteristics and application

Weatherproof enamel paint PF-115 is a versatile product that is well known to the domestic consumer and has proven itself as a reliable paint and varnish coating with high protective and operational properties. One of the most popular paints and varnishes (LKM) on the Russian market, enamels with a pentaphthalic binder base and a wide range of purposes began to be produced in the Soviet Union. After the final modernization, which took place in the 70s of the last century, the improved "peefka" acquired the highest possible technical characteristics inherent in this material and successfully passed the test for compliance with the State Standard 6465-76. In this article, we will find out what this protective polymer coating is, where and for what purpose it is used.

Our compatriots at all times preferred to deal with inexpensive, affordable, easy-to-use, and most importantly, reliable products and things. And if we talk about paintwork materials, then the list of attractive consumer qualities must be supplemented with such a property as versatility. All these criteria are met by PF-115 enamel paint - a paint and varnish material widely used in various industrial sectors and in everyday life.

Its main purpose is to provide anti-corrosion protection of metal structures., railway transport, urban vehicles, agricultural machinery, military equipment, surface parts of self-propelled / non-self-propelled floating structures and other objects, the operation of which assumes constant atmospheric influences. At the same time, the scope of this enamel is much wider. It is allowed to be used as paint on wood, concrete, foam concrete and reinforced concrete, stone or brick.

Despite the fact that in a number of technical characteristics, many modern analogues are significantly superior to PF-115, it still does not give up its positions in the paint and varnish market. Sustained long-term demand for it is due to the optimal combination of price and quality, as well as the fact that over the decades of its existence, this enamel has repeatedly proved its worth in solving a variety of problems, thereby gaining the trust of a wide range of users.

There are many arguments for using the PF-115.

• Moisture and weather resistant. Although some experts are skeptical about the protective properties of pentaphthalic enamel, it nevertheless is able to take care of your structures, reliably limiting access to precipitation and UV rays.
• Lightfast and durable. The viability of the protective coating directly depends on the originality of the formulation and compliance with the dyeing technology. On average, the shelf life of the coating is 4-5 years.
• It has a low price - this is one of the main advantages of enamel, which often becomes a decisive factor in favor of its purchase, especially when the budget is limited.
• Provides excellent adhesion even when applied to smooth metal surfaces.

• Eliminates significant costs for preparing surfaces for painting - another opportunity to save on expensive and time-consuming technological procedures.
• Highly elastic and crack-resistant.
• Highly durable and wear-resistant, therefore suitable for painting floors.
• It is universal in application for external / internal types of work, for painting on metal, concrete, wood. Since PF-115 is able to combine well with the listed materials, it will be possible to protect various products with one product, saving on the purchase of specialized compositions for treating surfaces from a specific material.
• Possesses good decorative properties and allows to obtain a glossy, matte, semi-matt surface.

• Easy to use, can be applied with ordinary painting tools or special equipment, gives minimal shrinkage. Low-skilled personnel can work with PF-115.
• Differs in good fluidity, hiding power, thixotropy - the ability to reduce viscosity due to mechanical influences and to increase viscosity in a quiet state.
• Easy to clean with common detergents.
• A wide selection of color solutions, among which there are both classic strict shades and bright, saturated ones, which makes it easier to select the right color scheme for your own needs. In addition to the standard colors of enamels made in accordance with GOST, you can order a paint shade according to RAL.

Weaknesses are also present.

• Content in the composition of components that are harmful to health. The evaporation of these substances during the drying process is accompanied by a pungent odor.
• It has low vapor permeability, which must be taken into account when painting facades.
• Low indicators of chemical resistance to the effects of various aggressive media. Therefore, in some areas of the industrial sector with increased requirements for the quality of protective coatings, the use of pentaphthalic enamel is limited.
• Fire hazardous.
• Extended drying period.

When it comes to painting high-rise buildings - water towers, chimneys or just walls of multi-storey buildings - industrial climbers are usually involved in the work. The services of such teams are worth it.

In this case, it is most profitable to paint objects "in one go", this saves time and money. It is unrealistic to do this with pentaphthalic enamel, since 24 hours must pass before applying each subsequent layer. Whereas there are quick-drying enamels, interlayer drying of which takes only half an hour, for example, the Anticor Sprint coating.

In addition, PF-115 is not recommended to paint metal structures used in aggressive industrial atmospheres, that is, those located directly at metalworking industries, thermal power plants or near them, and objects that are constantly in contact with the aquatic environment - piers, piles. More advanced materials are needed here than pentaphthalic paint, capable of providing a high degree of corrosion protection.

At the very beginning of the article, an event in the history of PF-115 was mentioned, as the introduction of the State Standard for this type of paint and varnish products. Real pentaphthalic enamel is produced strictly in accordance with GOST 6456 76, which applies to coatings of any color. According to this standard, enamel manufacturers must comply with a number of requirements regarding quality indicators, technical characteristics, packaging, labeling, product transportation, manufacturer's warranties, etc.

The enamel produced according to the original recipe characterizes the formation of a coating with a range of operating temperatures from -50 ° C to + 60 ° C. The service life of a two-layer coating must be at least 4 years without loss of protective properties. The original decorative qualities should be maintained for one year when used outdoors in moderate climatic conditions.

PF-115 paint is a type of paint and varnish material of the alkyd group. Alkyd enamels are traditional paintwork materials, the base of the film-forming component of which is used synthetic polycondensation alkyd resins. On a number of indicators, they are superior to oil paints with oil-resin binders.

Polyester resins - versatile raw materials, which are actively used by manufacturers of paintwork materials. The reason for such a demand for polyester resins lies in the ability to use renewable natural raw materials and obtain a variety of paintwork compositions with a certain set of protective, decorative, and special properties.

Let's consider the main components of the composition of pentaphthalic alkyd enamel.

• Film former. This is the main component of paintwork materials, which endows the polymer coating with certain properties. The use of semi-finished pentaphthalic varnish as a binder base for a polymer coating makes it possible to obtain a high-density film, which is distinguished by good mechanical characteristics, moisture resistance and resistance to constant and short-term exposure to atmospheric phenomena.
• Solvents. The solvent is a purified organic liquid, in this case in the form of purified kerosene (White spirit), turpentine or solvent, which bring the film-forming substance to a state of readiness for use and adjust the viscosity of the paintwork materials.

• Dyes. The introduction of finely dispersed insoluble colored powders into the film former ensures the pigmentation of the polymer coating and makes it opaque. To obtain white enamel, manufacturers use titanium dioxide, and for the production of colored coatings - chromic anhydride, soot, organic particles. Dyes are responsible for the hiding power of the enamel and provide the best decorative effect of the coating, making the color long-lasting and saturated.
• Fillers. They increase hiding power, thixotropy, resistance of liquid substances to movement, wear resistance, corrosion resistance. The use of barites, calcium carbonate, hydroaluminosilicate, a massive variety of talc - stearin, improves the listed technological characteristics of paintwork materials.
• Functional additives. The use of modifying additives in the form of driers, plasticizers and stabilizers solves different problems. Driers are organometallic soluble compounds of chemical elements with metal properties and an atomic mass above 50. The use of cobalt, manganese, lead and other driers accelerates the drying of paintwork materials, reducing the duration of film formation.

The addition of plasticizers increases the elasticity of the film and resistance to sudden changes in temperature conditions. Stabilizers are responsible for the uniform distribution of colorants throughout the enamel volume and prevent the polymer coating from stratifying.

Performance properties of paint.

• Operating temperature range: -35 ° C ... + 60 ° C.
• Hazard class - 3. As a representative of the group of alkyd enamels, this paint has a high toxicity and fire hazard, therefore, when working with it, you must follow the instructions and observe safety precautions.
• The degree of gloss measured by a photoelectric gloss meter is 50. This type of paintwork materials is distinguished by the formation of an even, smooth shiny coating that excludes foreign inclusions.
• Indicators of the conditional viscosity of the coating, measured by a viscometer, depend on the color. For black, cherry and red coatings, they range from 60 to 100 seconds, for other colors - 80-120 seconds.A lower viscosity makes it difficult to spread the enamel with a brush, while a higher viscosity makes it necessary to use more thinner to reduce the viscosity of the paint for certain tools.

• The content of pigments and binders (solid non-volatile substances) varies by color and can be 50-68%.
• It dries at a temperature of 20 ° C with a humidity of 65-70% for a day, with the exception of cherry and red enamels, which have an increased drying time - about 2 days. At lower temperatures, the drying time is doubled. Interlayer drying interval - 24 hours.
• Indicators of elasticity for T-bending (mm) - 1.
• Density characteristics - from 1.2 to 1.4 kg per liter.
• Impact strength indicators (cm) - 40, which are measured after a kilogram load is dropped onto a painted base. The presence / absence of cracks and dents on the coating is recorded.

• Adhesion capacity in points - 1, which is considered the maximum quality indicator of adhesion to the base in accordance with the conventional scale.
• The covering ability of the dried coating based on the color can be 35-120 g / m2.
• Possesses high resistance to static effects of common household chemicals, transformer oils and water.
• Chemical resistance: the film has good tolerance to turpentine, white spirit, denatured alcohol.
• The shelf life of paintwork materials in a sealed industrial container under warranty from different manufacturers is 1.5 - 2 years from the date of production. When used in temperate or cold climates, the coating will last 4 years or more, and in tropical climates at least 1 year.
• Packing: pentaphthalic paints are packed in industrial containers of different sizes from 0.8 to 60 kg.

Among the above parameters, only an assessment of the appearance, consumption and drying time of the paint is available for consumers. Therefore, it is so important to purchase PF-115, produced according to the original recipe in compliance with the requirements of GOST.

The range of colors of pentaphthalic paints contains mainly full-fledged colors, and shades are presented in limited quantities. After drying, colored enamels can form a film with a glossy, semi-gloss, matte, semi-matt texture, and the base white enamel paint forms only a glossy or matte finish.

The color range is presented in standard tones:

• yellow, light and pale yellow;
• beige and light beige;
• Orange;
• brown;
• red;

• cream;
• blue;
• blue, pale and grayish blue;
• turquoise;
• green and dark green;
• pistachio;
• emerald;
• gray, light and dark gray;
• white;
• black and others.

The new color palette is presented in the following shades:

• blue spruce;
• salad;
• fresh herbs;
• sack;
• gray;
• turquoise;
• red and blue lilac;

• chocolate;
• green apple;
• emerald;
• lemon;
• smoky gray.

The content of various dyes in the composition of enamel paints affects the performance of the coatings. The creation of some shades leads to a decrease in the quality of the final product. For example, this applies to cherry, red, black paints, which for this reason, instead of the highest grade, are assigned only the first.

PF-115 refers to alkyd enamels, as evidenced by the letter designation "PF", indicating a pentaphthalic binder base. Studying the numbers 115 gives us the following: by the first number we find out where the paintwork is applied.So, the number 1 informs that we have before us an atmosphere-resistant paint, which is recommended for use in outdoor work. The subsequent number 15 is the catalog serial number of the product, so these numbers do not contain any practical information.

Although this alkyd paint boasts the widest range of applications, it was developed primarily for anti-corrosion protection of metal structures used in natural areas with temperate, cold or tropical climates.

It is used in the following industries:

• engineering;
• construction of highways;
• railway transport;
• machine tool;
• aircraft building;
• military-industrial;
• production of metal structures.

Due to the intensive drying rate (about a day) and the rapid weathering of the odor, this paintwork is often used for internal work. LKM is also suitable for processing wood, concrete, brick and other surfaces that are negatively affected by atmospheric influences, provided that the surface preparation technology for painting is followed.

PF-115 is rightfully considered a "national" product. This paint is used with might and main by various utilities when there is a need to put in order "irresponsible" objects such as various benches, elements of fences next to entrances, basement doors, and protective gratings. It is indispensable for coloring those products that need not only to provide anti-corrosion protection, but also to give certain decorative qualities. In addition, wooden frames on windows or facades are often painted with PF-115 enamel, so buildings quickly acquire a well-groomed appearance, and utilities avoid unnecessary costs.

Most of the industrial premises and warehouses are equipped with full-fledged heating systems. Since aesthetics in such facilities plays a secondary role, it is practiced here to install a large number of practical heating registers that maintain the optimal temperature in the room. Just them, along with cast-iron radiators, are often painted with pentaphthalic paint, again for reasons of economy.

PF-115 is manufactured by many Russian enterprises. But the tough competition for the consumer led to the fact that the domestic market of paints and varnishes was filled with low-quality cheap enamels produced under the PF-115 brand, only not according to GOST, but in accordance with TU.

Some manufacturers of paint and varnish materials practice the implementation of special marketing solutionsto differentiate your low-quality products from other low-quality products. As a result of such a marketing policy, a brand of pentaphthalic paint appeared under the marking 116 with its other derivatives such as Ultra, Extra, Super.

Trust is deserved only for products manufactured in strict accordance with GOST 6465-76, but not with TU - technical specifications of enterprises, which most often establish individual quality indicators in order to reduce the market price of their products.

We offer you to pay attention to reputable manufacturers of paints and varnishes with a high rating of reliability among buyers.

This is a well-known Russian company specializing in the manufacture of decorative paints and varnishes. Universal alkyd enamels "Lakra" have excellent interlayer adhesion, high atmospheric resistance and hiding power. The range of colors includes over 40 color solutions. Most of them form a glossy finish. The guaranteed shelf life of paintwork materials is 24 months.

The holding produces paints and varnishes of the highest quality combined with an affordable price.In 2005 the company presented two technological innovations - a budgetary pentaphthalic paint "Kazachka" and a premium high-quality alkyd enamel paint "Poller". Both products are manufactured in full compliance with the standards for this group of paintwork materials.

In the line of alkyd enamels, there are many other decent paint and varnish coatings. This is a super-white PF-115 with a high degree of gloss based on cleaned, clarified varnish and a heat-resistant, anticorrosive, silver-colored decorative coating with natural aluminum powder as a filling fraction, which can be used to paint radiators, heat pipes, and chimneys.

A very interesting option is an eco-friendly semi-gloss acrylic quick-drying universal enamel, which, when applied, begins to smell like a green apple. As the polymer coating dries, the apple smell weakens and disappears.

One of the largest manufacturers of paintwork materials with a wide network of construction stores located throughout Russia.

There are several types of PF-115:

• universal alkyd white matt and glossy with the possibility of tinting according to the catalog;
• universal glossy color, which, in addition to wood and metal, can be painted on plaster bases, building structures made of gypsum plasterboard, fiberboard / chipboard;
• "Fazenda" is an enamel that forms a glossy finish, characterized by an economical consumption of 1 kg / 6-16 m2 in one layer application and resistance to weathering;
• "Optimum" - enamel paints with a drying period of up to 7 hours. Interlayer drying interval - 24 hours;
• "Economy" for mass construction and painting of wood and metal structures.

After analyzing the feedback from users of PF-115, we can conclude that most of our compatriots believe that the enamel does an excellent job with the tasks assigned to it. And almost everyone is satisfied with the price-quality ratio of this product. According to many users, it is necessary to buy peefka exclusively from reputable companies that value their reputation and produce enamels from high-quality raw materials, observing all the requirements of GOST.

PF-115 has a more than affordable price, therefore, the purchase of cheap paints of inadequate quality is a dubious economy. The use of fakes can provoke allergies and poisoning, albeit to a mild degree, but why such victims. In addition to the strong odor, counterfeit paints take weeks to dry, and the coating they form is too brittle and begins to crack at an accelerated rate.

Buyers still consider enamel paint made according to the original recipe to be a good "folk" remedy, noting the elasticity of the film and its resistance to external factors. Many summer residents are happy that, with a limited budget, you can quickly improve the outbuildings on the site after winter or update the old fence covering.

For these purposes, it is better to purchase imported UV-resistant enamel. There are no complaints about the protective properties of PF-115: such a coating is quite capable of protecting concrete, metal or wood from negative atmospheric influences.

The consumption rate of paintwork materials for two-layer painting can be from 100 to 180 g per 1 m2 according to the following factors:

• the nature of the base to be painted and its absorbency;
• working viscosity of the paintwork;
• surface treatment method - manual or machine;
• single-layer coating thickness;
• the chosen color of enamel;
• the number of layers applied.

For comparison: the consumption of black enamel paint when painting primed metal structures in good weather and using a spray gun will be 50g / m2 or more, manually - 80g / m2.And the consumption of white enamel when painting a wooden surface with a brush is about 200 g / m2 or less, and color - about 110 g / m2.

Before direct use, the enamel paint is mixed well. The easiest way to do this is with an electric drill with a mixer attachment. To obtain a certain working viscosity of paintwork materials, it will be necessary to dilute it with a solvent such as Nefras2 A 130/150 (Solvent), White Spirit, or a mixture of them, which must be diluted in equal proportions or with turpentine. Subject to the use of electro-paint - application of paint in a high-voltage electric field, the composition must be diluted with RE-4V / RE-3V thinners.

• To achieve a positive result of using enamel paint, it is important to properly prepare the surface for painting. The substrate must be thoroughly cleaned by removing the old coating, dirt, oil, grease, wax, rust and other contaminants.
• Provided that the paintwork is in good condition, the painted surface is washed with soapy water, dried and sanded. Surfaces with oil stains or wax deposits are treated with White Spirit. Wood varnish.
• Plastered and concrete surfaces are dust-free and well-dried in order to avoid peeling of the film, the formation of bubbles, which are clearly visible on the glossy coating. Dust particles can cause a decrease in both the decorative effect of the coating and its protective functions - weather resistance and strength.

• Pentaphthalic paints can be stored and transported at a temperature of -30 ° C ... + 35 ° C. Proper storage involves placing a hermetically sealed container with enamel in a dry place with limited access to the sun.
• Optimum conditions for applying paintwork materials assume an ambient temperature of 5-35 ° C. Drying time for each layer is a day, if the air temperature is up to 20 ° C. The use of fast drying methods is allowed, when the coating dries up in an hour at a maximum permissible temperature of 110 ° C.
• Painting work is allowed to be carried out using ordinary tools - brush, roller, by means of pneumatic / airless spraying, jet dousing, dipping and electric painting.

Optimal technology for painting surfaces from different materials.

• Steel structures. Processing with a layer of soil for metal GF-0119 / GF-021 / VL-05 / VL-023, similar primers for rusty surfaces such as "Unikor" or a composition that converts rust, followed by two-layer application of enamel paint.
• Profile timber - 2-3-layer enamel application.
• Plastered surfaces, brickwork, concrete slabs, previously painted structures are treated in the same way as profiled wood.

You need to do all painting work in the production workshopwhere supply and exhaust ventilation is installed or in a room with good air circulation. Participants in painting work must have overalls and PPE (personal protective equipment) that protect the skin from contact with paint and the respiratory system from exposure to toxic fumes.

For more details about PF-115 enamel, see the video below.