How to install doors?

Even in ancient times, structures were invented to enclose the entrance to the dwelling. Of course, opening and closing such dampers was a rather troublesome business, but with the invention of details that greatly facilitate the process, such designs began to be used everywhere. Today it is quite convenient to use the entrance and interior doors and, if desired, they can be installed independently, having studied not only the installation instructions, but also the features of the door structures.

In order for the doors to perform their function and provide comfortable living conditions and the safety of the owners, when installing them, you need to rely on certain standards. The most common is SNiP (building codes and regulations). These regulatory documents describe the requirements and recommendations that must be followed when installing door structures.

The standards developed back in the 50s of the last century are still valid today. Of course, during this time they have been revised many times and have now come in a slightly modified form, but the basic requirements remained the same and practically did not change.

This document is quite voluminous, it prescribes many rules governing the installation of interior and entrance structures of various models.

There are general rules that apply both to doors installed in a room and to entrance structures:

• When installing interior doors, it is necessary to maintain a technological gap, which is within 10-15 mm. The door frame should be 3 mm larger than the sash on the right, left and top. The gap between the bottom of the door leaf and the floor covering must be within 10 mm.
• According to SNiP, deviation of the door frame by more than 3 mm is not allowed. In order to put the door structure as evenly and quickly as possible, a special sliding template in the form of a frame is often used. The side frame posts must be fastened in at least two places and be at a distance of about 1 meter from each other.
• When installing the door structure, it is necessary to remember that the door leaf does not block adjacent openings when opening. In addition, the shutters must fit snugly against the box when closed. For this, a seal is always placed along the contour, which performs a barrier function.

Any door structure consists of different elements. It includes a box, canvas, platbands, accessories (in some cases) and accessories. Door leaves can be made either of one material and represent a single monolithic structure, or they consist of different fillers, which are fastened together with special profiles.

According to GOST, door structures are characterized by several parameters. These include the height of the product and the door frame, as well as the width of the block and door leaf. In addition, the safety of the door structure is considered, depending on the materials of manufacture and methods of decorating the door, the materials used for the manufacture of related accessories (hinges, handles, platbands).

If the door is made of wood, then according to GOST there are certain parameters that should not be violated. First of all, this is the moisture content of the wood, which should be no more than 8%.

In order to properly install the door, regardless of whether it is entrance or interior, you need to carry out a number of preparatory work. First of all, the installation site is prepared. If this is an opening and a door has already been installed in it before this installation, then the old structure is dismantled first. The process begins with the removal of the platbands and the door leaf, and only then the door frame is removed. In order to make the process go faster, the box is filed in some places and the cement breaks if the box has been cemented.

If parsing the box is not part of your plans for various reasons, then you can install the door in the old box as well. The main thing is to choose a suitable door leaf, platbands and fittings by color and size, as well as to correctly hang the sash. In this room, it must open outward.

After dismantling the outdated door frame, it is necessary to put in order the opening.

It is possible to install door structures not only inside the dwelling, but also outside, for example, on the staircase. Very often, apartment buildings have large vestibules that unite several apartments, the owners of which install additional doors. The installation of the door in the corridor, as a rule, is carried out by specialists who will not only carry out the installation correctly, but also coordinate this action with all authorities.

When preparing the opening for the entrance doors, significant voids can form, which must be closed with a brick planted in a mortar. The slots are covered with cement mortar, and the protrusions are removed. Under the doorframes in older houses, in the area of ​​the threshold, there is often a bar of wood, which most often has to be removed.

In frame houses and dwellings where hollow facing bricks were used for construction, it is necessary to strengthen the opening with beams in order to avoid distortions of both the opening itself and the walls. Sometimes it is required to reduce the width of the opening, this is done with the help of a special bar, which must be inserted into the opening and fixed in the wall using anchor bolts from the side of the rack with hinges.

As a rule, the door frame has a small width of the beams, and during installation it is often not possible to cover the entire thickness of the opening, therefore the frame is installed with additional elements. They are a continuation of the box and are subdivided into simple or telescopic models, depending on the method of attachment. Telescopic options are more modern and convenient, as they are connected to the frame and platbands using special grooves.

In some situations, a complete change of the door structure is not included in the plans of the owners for various reasons, but it is necessary to change the appearance of the front door. For this, there are special overlays that allow you to update the door without dismantling the box. Today, there are various types of panels suitable for installation not only on interior doors, but also on entrance doors in an apartment, private house and even a cottage.

All doors, depending on the place of installation, are divided into entrance and interior designs. Both are made of different materials and have either a swing or a sliding opening system. During installation, all design features, materials and, of course, the installation site are taken into account.

Entrance doors are most often made of metal. The installation of steel structures has its own nuances that must be observed so that the result obtained does not disappoint the owners of the premises. The steel block can be fixed in the opening in two ways. In the first case, anchor plates are used as retainers. In the second option, you can fix the door frame with anchor bolts.

Entrance doors are often equipped with an additional hinged sash. As a rule, country houses are equipped with a double structure. One sash can remain stationary and only open when needed. During installation, the door leaves are hung on both sides of the frame. To fix the fixed sash, a lock is mounted in the lower and upper parts of the leaf, and a hole is drilled in the upper and lower areas of the steel frame.

For armored entrance doors with a significant sash weight, as a rule, more durable canopies are provided that are not subject to deformation. The most commonly used hinges are of the hidden type. Their number, as a rule, is more than two pieces, and in some specimens the sash is mounted on 4 canopies.

The nuances of installing vestibule doors depend on the material from which the structure is made. For metal doors, all aspects coincide with the installation of metal structures. But sometimes structures made of other materials are installed in the vestibule. Most often these are glass canvases.

Installation of glass doors is possible without installing the frame. Hanging loops can be fixed to a wall, ceiling or even the floor. Glass is one of those materials that cannot be cut if the dimensions are incorrect. In addition, glass doors cannot be made by yourself, as a rule, they are made to order.

Glass is very often used as an insert in aluminum structures, the installation of which depends on the way the sash is opened. For hinged hinged structures, installation is not much different from the installation of steel doors.

There are rules for sliding options. The doors in such structures move freely with the help of a roller mechanism along the guides. The number of door leaves can vary from 1 to 4. For double-leaf structures, the use of compartment doors is most often characteristic, which, unlike a sliding structure, where the canvases go along one guide, have two guides, and each leaf not only moves along its own line, but can also reach the opposite side.

Sliding doors are most often used in automatic structures installed in places with high traffic. When installing such structures, motion sensors are always installed. In addition, such systems are equipped with an electromechanical lock, emergency batteries and an operating mode selector. The installation of such structures is a difficult task, and therefore is always carried out by professionally trained people.

A type of sliding structure is a folding option. The structure itself is a canvas connected by hinges. They move along the installed guides with the help of rollers. The outermost sash is attached to the frame with hinged hinges. The installation of the folding structure is identical to the installation of sliding systems.

Installation of hinged interior doors has slight differences depending on the type of canvas used. For plastic structures made of PVC and MDF boards, it is necessary to carry out measurements very accurately, since the canvas that is incorrectly selected in size cannot be trimmed later. When installing a structure in an opening, it is always necessary to check the operation of the handle and lock, as well as the degree of adherence of the door to the jambs and threshold.

In some cases, to install doors in an apartment, it is required to increase the doorway. This is done in order to install a standard doorwith a height of 2 m to the bathroom. There is a threshold in these rooms. As a rule, it has a height of at least 5 cm, and therefore a product with a standard height does not fit into the opening. If it is not possible to increase the height of the opening, then you can shorten the door leaf, especially if it is made of solid wood and prepared for painting.

The fasteners depend on the door model. Hinges are used to secure the swing structures. With their help, the door leaf is suspended in a vertical position. One side of the hinge is screwed to the sash, and the other is attached to the door frame using self-tapping screws. For lightweight structures, two loops are sufficient, and for heavier canvases, as a rule, three loops are used. For fastening open loops, special devices are not needed, and for closed views, a template is used.

Sometimes a spring is used to fasten the canvas in swing structures. At one end it is fixed to the door leaf, and at the other end to the frame. Most often, they are installed in institutions on the front doors in order to eliminate the risk of an open sash. When opened, the spring stretches, and as soon as the sash is released, the door returns to its original position.

For sliding systems, rollers and special profiles are used as fasteners. Depending on the type of sliding system, the canvas on rollers can move both along one guide, fixed at the top, and along two guides, where the lower profile is also added.

You can adjust the interior door yourself and without outside help.

After the door leaf is hung on the hinges, it is necessary to adjust the gaps between the frame and the door leaf. To do this, the porch is installed in such a way that the boxed sheet over the entire plane touches a part of the box. When checking, we press on the upper and lower parts of the door at the same time and see that it “does not play”.

It is also necessary to check the level of the door. For this, the door is opened to different widths and evaluated. A correctly installed blade should not move from a given point.

To facilitate the installation of the door structure, you can use a ready-made set consisting of various accessories that will be required during the installation process. With the installation kit, any beginner will install the door correctly, and most importantly - quickly.

Today, various ready-made kits are sold that are designed for different types of doors. With their help, you can avoid leveling the opening. The door frame is perfectly fastened and rigidly fixed in the opening at 6 points. The use of these devices allows you to set the gaps between the box and the canvas as accurately as possible. And another important argument in favor of this set is the ability to use the door structure without waiting for the foam to dry completely.

To install the door structure, even in the kitchen, even in the toilet, you will need an obligatory set of tools. These include the building level, screwdriver, hammer. But in some cases, you may need a router or milling cutter in order to accurately process the edge of the door leaf.

A miter saw is often required as an additional tool. With its help, you can correctly saw the timber for the box according to the scheme. Sawing is carried out both at a right angle and at any given angle. In addition, with a miter saw, in addition to wood, you can cut plastic and aluminum.

There is a table where the installation dimensions of the door leaf are indicated. As a rule, they correspond to a certain size of the opening.

In order to correctly install the door, it is necessary to prepare all the structural elements, namely the box, the door leaf, the mortise lock, the handles, and to complete all the work step by step.

First you need to prepare the door frame. It can be purchased together with the door leaf, or you can make it yourself. Manufacturing technology is simple. This will require at least three beams. One is needed as a false rack, the second bar is hinged, and the third is used as a headboard. If a box with a threshold is needed, then another timber must be added to the structure. When assembled, such a box resembles a rectangle.

For the correct assembly of the box, you need to place the beams on the floor and cut to size. The notch can be done in two ways. In the first case, the vertical posts and the headboard are cut at an angle of 45 °, and in the other, the cut is made at a right angle.

The prepared box is inserted into the opening and fixed (wallpaper should be glued in advance). Wedges are inserted between the opening and the box in order to leave a small gap. We check the box by level, level it if necessary.

Using polyurethane foam, fill the space between the box and the wall from bottom to top, after covering the box. Next, you need to prepare the canvas for the canopy. To do this, we cut the lock into one side part, and into the other hinges and hang the canvas after the foam has dried.

The technology for installing interior doors is shown in the following video.

According to numerous reviews of the owners of apartments and houses, it is quite a feasible task to install the door structure on your own. The main thing is to correctly measure the opening and prepare the necessary tools. Observing step-by-step instructions and taking into account all the nuances of installation and raw materials, in the opinion of the majority, it is possible to mount not only interior doors, but also entrance structures.

Successfully installed structures include options not only correctly installed in terms of geometry, but also doors that go well with the interior of the apartment. These include not only interior canvases, but also entrance structures installed both in an apartment and in a private house.

A successfully installed front door should be not only strong and reliable, but also beautiful both outside and inside the premises.