How to calculate the size of a doorway?

The doors in the house are extremely important, especially how they are positioned. The opening is of no less importance. You must be able to correctly calculate its dimensions.

The opening itself implies the presence of empty space in the wall.

Doorways have their own building features.

• As a rule, openings already have parameters in accordance with certain standards, and doors are also selected according to them.
• The openings were used when the old door was installed. This means that almost all of them are the result of the elimination of the previous door frame. But there are situations when it needs to be modified to certain parameters.
• Openings can be cut into solid walls. Their creation in a wall of wood or concrete is not difficult. It is recommended to calculate in advance whether the strength of the building will suffer.

The owner of the house should take into account that the doors are classified into several types according to materials and functional values.

Doors are entrance doors, they have increased resistance to external influences, and interior doors are used to separate rooms. In any case, the door is inserted into the opening using a box.

Both types, in turn, differ in several ways, the division according to which helps to avoid unnecessary costs for the acquisition of a new sample, its installation and installation.

• By location in the building: external and internal.
• By opening method: hinged, sliding (double-leaf compartments, for example), folding ("accordion"), rotating.

• By the material from which they are made: wooden, PVC, aluminum, steel, metal, iron, glass.

• By the number of canvases: unisexual, bipartite, one-and-a-half.
• By the number of leaves: single leaf, double leaf.
• By filling the door leaf: deaf and glazed.

It is important to pay attention to what parameters of the opening should be when installing a door or during construction. The average height is 200 cm, and in some cases - 230 cm, the minimum width is 60 cm, the average is 70 cm, and the maximum is 80 cm.However, for extraordinary products, the width can be 55 cm, and the height is 190 cm. 7.5 cm. The opening should be 5-10 cm larger than the door. This is necessary so that there is room for wood, metal or assembly joints.

Sound insulation and door leaf reliability depend on the door thickness. It, in turn, is determined by the depth of the opening.

This characteristic can have the following dimensions:

• 3.5-4 cm for a standard door;
• 2-4 cm for a hinged structure;
• 3.5-4.5 cm for solid wood products, with a quadruple sample;
• 4.5-5.5 cm for fresh wood door.

If the landlord wants fire safety to be at its best, it is recommended to familiarize yourself with the table with specific size ratios.

It is not necessary to rely on GOST standards, because there is an alternative - foreign products. They require specific parameters of the openings. To understand them, it is recommended to read this table:

Knowledge of the standards for opening heights and widths is not enough.

It is important to take into account other nuances that will tell you what to do during installation.

• The presence of unnecessary elements in the opening space, for example, partitions that will interfere during installation;
• use in the installation of cladding for walls or plasterboard frames;
• the need for a plasterboard partition that can be recreated if necessary;
• wall material;
• wall thickness;
• platband width.

The optimal parameters of the door leaf must be calculated in advance. There is an easy way to make your own measurements. For this, the door width is taken, then the box thickness is added, multiplied by two. To the resulting calculations, you need to add another 4 cm (parameters of the gaps for installation and seams). When the height is calculated, the box thickness must be additionally added to it.

In the absence of a threshold, the thickness is added once, and in its presence, twice. But there are situations when you need to pick up a box that needs to be installed in a previously used opening.

In this case, there is a certain plan of action:

• eliminate unnecessary elements at the measurement points. You need to remove not only the previous box, but also the platbands.
• Tidy up the main wall. It is necessary to remove uneven surfaces. Then you need to measure the dimensions in the largest and smallest place. Any indicator must be recorded.
• Measure the dimensions at least at two different points of the opening, especially if it is angular.
• Determine if the opening needs to be corrected, for example, when it is skewed or if it is too narrow.
• Test the hardness of the tidied surfaces. If necessary, they need to be strengthened.

Cleaning the end surfaces of the opening does not always go smoothly, especially if the opening has been used in the past.

You can find out the height of the doorway with a threshold (in other words, with the lower bar, which is also a part of the box), using the following formula: two thicknesses of the box are added to the height of the door leaf, then a gap for installation of 13 mm is added for free operation of the door from above, as well as 5 mm of indentation for door operation from below.

The calculation of the height of the doorway without the lower box beam (without a threshold) is carried out according to a different scheme: the height of the leaf and the thickness of the box are summed up, 1 cm of the distance from the finished floor is added to them for free operation of the door, 3 mm of the distance from the top and 10 mm are added to the assembly seam.

The wall is carefully studied and decides where it is safest to mount the door. No less carefully you should inspect the slopes on the sides, find out what their geometry is. It is possible that they can be bent or create other complications.

It will not be possible to make measurements with a tape measure alone, you will have to apply a building level, in extreme cases - a laser builder. Measurements are carried out on the opening side from bottom to top.

There are some subtleties that will be useful for both measurements and installation.

• It is recommended to take measurements when the floor is covered with something. The thickness of the carpet, for example, will help determine if the door height above the floor will change after installation is complete.
• The sides of the opening must be parallel. To track this, it is recommended to periodically measure the clearance at different points: in the center, below and above.
• You can measure the opening depth using a pair of rulers or a caliper. The minimum number of points for measurement is 3. This must be done, stepping back 20 cm from the lower, upper and central parts of the opening.You need to take the largest depth parameter as a basis. From it you can find out whether you need to use additional parts for the box. The depth of the box must not exceed the depth of the wall.
• When the door frame is successfully installed, there are usually gaps left between the block and the wall. They can be removed with polyurethane foam and then used as a finishing touch.

If the apartment does not have hard-to-disassemble furniture, you can reduce the opening and put doors 70 cm wide.To do this, you will need to build a drywall opening, you need to build up a metal frame, but first you need to remove the old door with the box and trim the slope. You can mount vertical racks for the box, fill the free space with the help of gypsum board.

This is practical under the right conditions:

• The slopes are curved, and it is difficult to establish a profile on them.
• On the plaster, you need to level the gypsum board, and at the same time it is not necessary to reduce the wall depth.
• You can lower the passage by no more than 10 cm.

It is necessary to remove the layer of plaster at the installation site, then take the necessary measurements for the frame.

Then you need to position the profiles so that they stand in an even vertical position. The size of the opening must be adequate for the installation of the box. Several pieces must be cut out of drywall and attached to the wall with special glue and screwed to the profiles. They are bridged together to help maintain clearance.

If the opening is too high, this can cause a problem with the installation of the upper platband. Suitable options are to stick the wallpaper as low as possible or choose high capitals. The most effective solution is to lower the upper border of the opening using gypsum board and wooden beams, and then cover it with wallpaper.

The installation of custom doors is slightly different.

The reason lies in the absence of boxes in these specimens, and hence the increased requirements for the quality of the arrangement of the end opening sides. In addition, you will have to carefully monitor the parameters of the openings.

• The swing door can be hinged. Please note: when the door is opened, it deviates vertically in all directions in the region of 1.5 mm.
• When installing a compartment, the width of the box should be 10 cm larger than that of the door.
• The pivot door can move to the sides of the opening, but the gaps must be aligned around the entire perimeter.

The above samples do not have platbands that can eliminate defects. Every crevice can destroy the aesthetics of any, even the most attractive door. There are some difficulties when working with the openings of pendulum and rotary specimens.

If you exceed the depth of the opening by 14 cm, there will be a need for offset schemes for installing fittings for fastening. If we are talking about sliding samples, then the opening thickness should be 2 times greater than the sash depth.

Of course, the owner of the house is not obliged to adhere to the standard values, but the standards have some advantages that should be given a little attention.

• Huge variability. Most manufacturers create copies with standard parameters, so there is no difficulty in purchasing a door of the highest quality.
• Saving. Unlike standard doors, extraordinary door leaves are more expensive. Unusual designs are ordered individually. As a result, there is a need for additional investment of money to create a new interior.
• Easy to install. If the parameters of the opening correspond to the standard, then during the installation process there will be less difficulties.

It is worth noting some of the nuances of size in different types of buildings. Usually in a "Khrushchev" or panel house, the wall thickness is 75 mm, and the door frame is made with the appropriate thickness. But if this fact is ignored, difficulties arise.There is a need to install another expander or to remove an extra box element.

Doing this at home will not be easy. In new buildings, the typical opening height varies from 217 to 220 cm. This is due to the fact that most owners make a "warm floor" system, and the height level of the opening at the end of installation becomes close to the standard.

The opening is created in accordance with the norms of SNiP. For a brick wall, its height should be in the region of 188-225 cm, and its width should be from 63 to 176 cm.For a sample from a monolith, the height should be 187-225 cm, and its width should be 62-175 cm. height - 185-197 cm, and width - 57-170 cm.

But if you deviate from the standard and expand the sample by a couple of centimeters, the foam seam will no longer be reliable. It is necessary that the foam for installation is strong. Otherwise, it will not be able to rid the installed door of gaps and help it withstand loads. We'll have to reduce the width of the opening with a wooden beam, the cross-section of which is 5x5 cm. There is another option - to use a foam block and glue for tiles.

If the parameters of the box do not correspond to the dimensions of the walls, the installation of the platband will at least cause complications. In the worst case, the installation is eliminated and this will significantly affect the appearance of the door group. Therefore, measurements are taken at three different points. If the resulting parameters differ slightly from each other and are identical to the standard ones, there is no need to buy unusual doors. However, there is no guarantee that after the installation of a typical door you will not have to install extensions or remove the longitudinal elements of the frame.

Most often, in brick buildings, the walls are far from ideal, and a bar for completing is sometimes necessary. If you do not mount this element, the platband will only bend the wall more strongly, and this is best avoided, since the appearance of the room will suffer, not to mention the door composition as a whole. If we talk about new types of buildings, we need to mention shrinkage and other changes in geometry that may occur. Do not install the door too early. The wall can be twisted, and the door can jam.

The longest shrinkage is 4 months. It is problematic to predict the size in advance, and measurements of openings at this stage do not make sense. Gaps in wood buildings do not need to be adjusted with platbands for the first couple of years. They are a kind of beacons by which you can calculate the change in the dimensions of the house.

Openings open the passage from one room to another. The parameters of the opening (width, depth) depend on whether the owner of the apartment plans to insert the door into one or another opening. The presence of doors depends on the location. The opening leading to the bathroom, toilet or bathroom must be designed for the presence of a door. Moreover, one of its functions is to prevent extraneous odors from spreading throughout the apartment. Doors should not be transparent.

Do not forget that the doors in an apartment or in a private house open inward. Consider this when creating a new opening. In large rooms, they are placed in the center of the wall for aesthetic and practical purposes. If the owner of the house intends to install a balcony door, he needs to think about where to place the opening. An open door should not get in the way on the balcony itself. As a rule, the opening is mounted on the side, but at the same time it is better for the door itself to be in the center of the room, since it must open inward. The same specimens are recommended for a terrace or exit to the courtyard.

When measuring a doorway, you should pay attention to the door standards in certain parts of the house.The width of the doors for bathrooms in small dwellings should be about 55 cm, for kitchen samples - 70 cm, and for the entrance to a children's room or bedroom - around 80 or 90 cm.

Craftsmen give some tips for installing a doorway in a wooden bath. The doors are cut with a chainsaw after the house has shrunk a year and a half after construction. The crowns made of a log or a bar must be tied with a built-in bar so that they do not part. To do this, a groove is made in the wall, this element is carefully hammered into it.

It is recommended to attach the door frame to a bar, which is useful for a bunch of crowns. It is likely that a structure made of a log or a bar has subsided over several years, therefore, a technological gap must be left between the top element of the box and the wall. Mounting gaps in wood baths are filled with material that is used for caulking.

On internal partitions (for example, in a living room), the width of the clearance should be 60-70 cm. For a bathroom, steam room, shower, an opening with a minimum width is desirable.

For the rules for measuring doorways, see the video below.