Features of boards of 2 grades

Features of boards of 2 grades, their characteristics should be known to any person who decides to engage in construction, repair or manufacture of furniture. But besides what it means - a board of 2 grades, how it looks, you should understand such concepts as unedged and edged boards. We'll also have to study the coniferous board and other types of it, get acquainted with GOST.

Choosing between grade 2 planks and grade 1 planks is what is important when buying lumber. The difference between them is quite tangible. According to the current GOST, first-class lumber should be of almost perfect quality, practically only slightly inferior to selected samples. Second grade board may have:

• worm gears;

• traces of fungal infection;

• tilted fibers;

• pockets;

• rotten areas;

• poorly sawn-off edges;

• knots;

• spotty areas.

The prospects for using the boards of the second category look very attractive. According to professional builders, this lumber:

• easy to store (you just need to isolate from moisture and take care of air circulation);

• easy to use (equally stable regardless of user qualifications);

• transported without problems;

• is loaded and unloaded in an elementary way;

• practically does not leave debris;

• is relatively inexpensive;

• is presented in a wide range, allowing you to choose the optimal parameters.

The main requirements are that there should be a maximum of 3 such knots adhered to each other, their share should account for no more than 25% of the reservoir surface. 50% of all knots can be tobacco or completely rotten. Approximately 33% of the board may be covered with cracks.

A board can have only one vice, belonging to the second class, and automatically fall into this category. Moreover, if it has at least one attribute of the 3rd class, and all the others are of the 2nd, then it will already belong to the 3rd category. This procedure was introduced for the sake of increasing discipline among suppliers.

But it is worth noting that no one in sawmills and in trade is engaged in sorting individual boards by class. This is done selectively. Therefore, when going to buy lumber, it is necessary to carefully monitor each piece shipped. Additional requirements for the standard are as follows:

• tilted fibers - acceptable everywhere;

• roll - can be on any surface, but not more than 3/10 of the surface of the face;

• resin-filled pockets - up to 4 on each side with a maximum length of 20 cm;

• plant cancer - up to a maximum of 1/5 of the length or up to 1 m (the limit is assigned at a lower rate);

• germination - only on one side, covering 1/5 of the width and 1/10 of the maximum length;

• fungal lesions in the form of sound spots and stripes up to a maximum of 20% of the surface;

• mushroom-colored sapwood, surface mold - permissible without special restrictions;

• deep fungus-colored sapwood, striped and spotted moldy areas of great depth - no more than 10% of the entire area;

• worm gears, mechanical defects, foreign inclusions - strictly prohibited;

• wane areas on the seams - up to 1 cm from the edge and no more than 3/10 of the edge length;

• torn wood, wavy places - in accordance with deviations according to STB 1713;

• warpage on the faces and on the edges no more than 0.2% of the length of the lumber;

• warpage in the transverse plane no more than 1% of the width of the product.

This term applies to a board that is cut from logs and processed from 4 sides. The main faces are located in a perpendicular plane mutually. This property provides the versatility of lumber. You can dock it quite tightly when storing it.

This type of board is also widely used. They look attractive and quite reliable. There are no problems with durability when choosing a quality product. Unedged lumber is used to insulate walls, lay floors and form partitions. In favor of such products are evidenced by:

• widespread in the market;

• affordability of prices;

• increased width compared to edged options;

• the ability to replace more expensive lumber where a perfect appearance is not required.

Given the not very good "appearance", it is most correct to do from such a tree:

• fences;

• temporary buildings;

• country toilets;

• sheds;

• warehouses;

• fences for beds and flower beds;

• crate.

In the overwhelming majority of cases, they try, of course, to use conifers. Pine planks are extremely widespread and easy to procure. Such lumber is appreciated for its graceful appearance and original pattern.

Spruce wood is also quite often used. It releases a lot of phytoncides valuable for health, and the air becomes noticeably cleaner. Spruce is uniform in texture and contains little resin. It is convenient to make windows and doors, floors, skirting boards from it. Spruce trims and all kinds of trim are also attractive.

As for cedar wood, it stands out favorably by:

• plastic qualities;

• heat protection;

• retention of extraneous sounds;

• biological activity;

• resistance to beetle infestation.

Larch is used for piles, for sleepers, and for carriage structures. As for the fir, it is the lightest of all conifers and contains few resins: this increases the susceptibility to decay, but adds resistance under strong heat.

Planed board is an alternative to edged product. More precisely, this is a "trimmed modified" tree. After removing the bark and giving the desired size, the wood is dried and sanded. It is necessary to achieve absolute smooth evenness in all planes. Drying lasts from 5 to 21 days - more precisely, it can be said only with reference to the type of wood and processing methods.

The planed timber has a flawless geometry. Its surface meets consumer expectations perfectly. Shrinkage and other deformations are excluded. On the basis of such material, you can make flooring or make furniture. Enhanced protection is provided as needed with varnish and special mixtures.

It is worth considering that a typical board of grade 2 has a length of 200, 300 and 600 cm.Its exact width is 10, 15 or 20 cm.Only an indicator of 2.5, 4.5 or 5 cm is allowed in thickness. Everything else is substandard for rough work.

Another good use case is sub-flooring. Planks of the second grade are better suited for this purpose than actively advertised oriented boards or plywood. It's cheap for the price, and the lifespan is pretty decent too.There will be no special problems with reliability - unless everything is done correctly - there will be no problems.

The next valuable point is the lathing for the outer roofing layer. It is more expensive than using rails, but more reliable. It is less likely that emergency repairs or alteration of the entire support system will be required. Also, from the boards of the second grade, a very good formwork is obtained - for the foundations, and for the main walls, and for the ceilings between floors. In addition, you can do:

• scaffolding;

• temporary and auxiliary buildings;

• awnings;

• curbs;

• fencing.