Cherry Rossoshanskaya gold

Cherry Rossoshanskaya gold
The main characteristics of the variety:
  • Fruit shape: round or heart-shaped
  • Keeping quality: long
  • Authors: Rossosh Zonal Experimental Station of Horticulture
  • Growth type: low-growth, medium-sized
  • Appointment: universal
  • Yield: above average
  • Tree height, m: until 3
  • Crown: wide pyramidal
  • Fruit size: large
  • Fruit weight, g: 6-7
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In terms of the taste properties of the fruits, this culture can be called a masterpiece, which is the main reason for such a high popularity of Rossoshansk gold. But this variety of sweet cherries is famous not only for this quality, it is unpretentious, frost-resistant (for southern latitudes), perfectly tolerates drought, has an increased keeping quality of fruits and reliable transportability.

Breeding history

This yellow-fruited sweet cherry is the result of long and hard work of the team of the Rossosh Zonal Experimental Gardening Station located in the Voronezh Region. Its excellent taste properties, a pronounced aversion to the occurrence of decay and cracking processes, as well as the presence of a number of other advantages, largely determined the prevalence of Rossosh gold in Russia.

The type of this cherry is subdivided into 3 subspecies - large, black and gold.

Description of the variety

Culture trees are medium-sized (up to 3 meters), with broad-pyramidal crowns of medium density. The leaves have a standard configuration and a rich green color. The trees bloom early - in the second decade of April. During flowering, large-sized lush flowers of white shades are formed, consisting of five petals, forming strong inflorescences of 10-15 pcs. Cuttings of a dense structure, ensuring the reduction of fruit falling off. The trees have a lifespan of about 25 years.

Of the advantages of culture, it should be noted:

  • gorgeous taste properties of berries, which determine the high level of popularity of the culture;

  • excellent transportability and keeping quality of fruits;

  • a high level of productivity while observing the rules of agricultural care;

  • the presence of a high level of resistance to major diseases;

  • the low-lying above-ground part of the trees provides the opportunity for convenient picking of berries;

  • stable process of fruiting.

Minuses:

  • the culture is unsuitable for growing in cold latitudes, since the flowers do not withstand early frosts in the spring;

  • trees do not really tolerate waterlogging and unsatisfactory lighting levels;

  • the need for pollinating neighbors.

Fruit characteristics

The culture has large berries (6-7 g) of a beautiful golden color, with a barely noticeable and appetizing blush. The shape of the fruit is round or heart-shaped, slightly flattened at the sides. The creamy yellow flesh is of medium density, which ensures good transportability of the fruit. The bones are slightly elongated, smooth, well separated from the pulp. The quality of berry tearing is dry.

These fleshy and sugary fruits are versatile in their use, with long shelf life. They are used fresh, they are good in canned form, in compotes, jams, wines, and also in freezing.

Taste qualities

In terms of taste, the berries are richly sweet, with a barely perceptible acidity and a gorgeous honey flavor. Tasting score in points - 5.

Ripening and fruiting

The starting crop appears on trees at 4-5 years of their growth. The ripening period is medium late. The period of fruiting is recorded from the end of June to the beginning of July.

After planting the seedlings, it will take a long time before you can see the first berries on the tree.The first flowering occurs only in the fourth year of the tree's life. At this time, the tree produces only a small number of flowers. In the fifth year, you can already expect more active flowering and the first, albeit small, harvest. A decent harvest can be harvested for 6-7 years.

Yield

The yield is above average.

Self-fertility and the need for pollinators

The culture is self-fertile, requiring pollinating neighbors. The best pollinating varieties here will be: Chudo-Cherry and Nochka ducks, as well as Ovstuzhenka cherry.

Growing and care

Planting sites should be well lit, with the least risk of excessive moisture, not windy. It is unpretentious to the degree of soil fertility, but the soil should be light and aerated. Near the seedlings, other trees should not be located closer than 6 meters. Otherwise, the level of fruiting will decrease.

The trees perfectly withstand low temperatures, and therefore it is more advisable to plant them for the winter. The most favorable time for disembarkation is the end of September or the beginning of October. Spring planting is also possible; for this, seedlings are chosen before the period of bud formation. Since the culture is quite unpretentious, it does not require special care. However, there are some aspects to consider.

We recommend choosing two-year-old seedlings with the greatest survival rate. The selection criteria are standard, but the length of the roots should be at least 30 cm. It is worth picking up trees without grafting, with strong branches.

The order and content of disembarkation is typical. The landing grooves are prepared 60 cm deep and 80 cm in diameter. Post-plant irrigation is up to 10 liters in volume. Trees do not develop well if apple and plum trees grow next to them.

The culture does not tolerate frequent watering. During the entire vegetative period, trees need 3-4 irrigations of about 60 liters each. The first irrigation is done during the budding period. The second - at the end of the flowering period, the third - during the ripening of the fruits, the fourth - at the end of the picking of berries. Before the irrigation process, the soil should be loosened in the near-stem space.

Pruning is carried out in the first year after planting the seedlings (the pruning procedure is carried out with a central conductor). This ensures the development of a lush crown and a decrease in the intensity of tree growth. After the emergence of new shoots, they are cut off again to form a 3-tiered crown. Mature trees are pruned annually, dried branches and thickened areas are removed.

In the spring, fertilizing with nitrogenous additives is carried out, around the middle of July, complex formulations are used, before winter, phosphorus and potassium additives are used. To increase the level of frost resistance, complexes with the inclusion of sodium are used.

Sweet cherries are planted in a sunny and well-protected place from the wind. The soil should be fertile, loose and moisture-permeable. There are two options for planting cherries - spring and autumn. The first option is the most preferred and is suitable for all growing regions. In the southern regions, planting can be carried out in the fall.
One of the benefits of grafting a tree is to restore overgrown plants, improve the taste of the fruit, and adapt southern varieties to cool climates. If you follow all the recommendations of experts, you can strengthen the immune system of cherries, and it will be more resistant to pests and diseases.
In order to harvest a rich and tasty cherry crop every year, you need to properly care for it. Timely watering is one of the essential steps in care. The rate of watering a cherry tree directly depends on how dry and hot the weather is, and on the amount of precipitation. Basically, cherries need to be watered about 3-5 times per season, depending on the weather conditions in your area.
One of the most important agrotechnical measures in the cultivation of sweet cherry is correct and timely pruning.Correct pruning eliminates the consumption of nutrients for infertile shoots, so more trace elements are sent to the fruiting branches. This process increases the quality and quantity of the harvest.

Disease and pest resistance

The culture is distinguished by a high level of resistance to diseases and pest attacks of insects, and with proper preventive work, the trees practically do not get sick. The degree of resistance of trees increases significantly even when mineral fertilizers and organic matter are correctly applied.

In spring, aphids pose a certain danger to trees. Here they resort to the timely use of chemical compounds ("Aktofit", "Aktara", "Confidor" or use tobacco tinctures with soapy water).

Most often, trees fall ill with moniliosis, coccomycosis, fungal diseases, and are affected by black aphids, cherry fly, leafworm. In these cases, the fight against them is carried out with standard chemicals and folk remedies.

When caring for cherries, you need to carry out timely protection against various pests and pathogens. Depending on the cause and nature of the course, all cherry diseases can be conditionally divided into several categories - infectious and non-infectious. Each category of diseases provides for its own plan and method of treatment, the use of certain drugs and folk remedies.

Requirements for soil and climatic conditions

The culture is sufficiently resistant to droughts, for this reason, waterlogging of the soil is contraindicated.

In relation to the southern latitudes, the level of its winter hardiness is considered high. Nevertheless, it is useful to insulate young trees for the winter with a covering material. Moreover, the property of their frost resistance is fully manifested only in the third year of growth. For mature trees, moss is placed around the trunks in preparation for wintering.

Self-cultivation of sweet cherries is a complicated process. It is important to follow all the necessary subtleties and techniques for the fruit tree to take root. There are several ways to propagate cherries: grafting on another tree, cuttings, growing from a stone, propagation by root shoots or layering.
Main characteristics
Authors
Rossoshanskaya zonal experimental gardening station
Appointment
universal
Yield
above average
Transportability
adaptation to long-term transportation
Wood
Growth type
undersized, medium-sized
Tree height, m
until 3
Crown
wide pyramidal
Fruit
Fruit size
large
Fruit weight, g
6-7
Fruit shape
rounded or heart-shaped
Fruit color
bright yellow, with a faint pink blush on the sunny side
Pulp color
creamy yellow
Pulp (consistency)
medium density
Fruit taste
very sweet, with hardly noticeable acidity and a very pleasant honey flavor
Separability of the bone from the pulp
good
Detachment of fruits
dry
Fruit tasting
5 points
Keeping quality
long
Growing
Self-fertility
self-infertile
Pollinator varieties
Dukey Miracle cherry and Nochka, cherry Ovstuzhenka
Winter hardiness
good
Drought tolerance
high
Disease and pest resistance
high
Resistance to fungal diseases
steady
Maturation
Early maturity
4-5 years after planting
Ripening terms
mid-late
Fruiting period
late June - early July
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