Sweet cherry Orlovskaya amber

Sweet cherry Orlovskaya amber
The main characteristics of the variety:
  • Fruit shape: heart-shaped
  • Growth type: vigorous
  • Appointment: universal
  • Tree height, m: 4
  • Crown: pyramidal, spreading, raised, medium density
  • Escapes: medium, straight, yellowish, naked
  • Sheet: oval, green
  • Fruit size: medium-sized
  • Fruit weight, g: 3,6
  • Fruit color: yellow
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The cherry variety Orlovskaya Amber differs from the traditional representatives of this family in color - the berry is colored in yellow tones, acquiring an amber palette and translucency at the time of physiological ripeness. Yellow fruits are intended for fresh consumption, from which delicious and beautiful compotes, preserves, jams and confitures are cooked. In addition, berries provide a preventive effect for many diseases, have a positive effect on blood composition and the work of the gastrointestinal tract.

Description of the variety

A vigorous (from 4 m) tree with a pyramidal spreading crown looks very attractive during flowering or fruit ripening. In the first case, it is covered with snow-white boil, from under which the foliage is almost invisible, in the second - glowing amber berries against the background of emerald foliage create a stunning effect.

A raised crown of medium density is created by naked straight shoots of yellowish shades and slightly drooping branches covered with a grayish skin. An oval leaf blade of rich green color with a smooth surface has double-serrate edges and a long pointed tip. Fruits are tied on fruit twigs and bouquet twigs.

Fruit characteristics

Heart-shaped and not too large (3.6 g) fruits are colored yellow, gaining intensity as they ripen. A small (0.2 g) stone separates well from the pulp, the berry is resistant to cracking and is characterized by a medium separation.

Taste qualities

Medium-dense, very juicy yellow pulp has a sweet, balanced taste and colorless juice. The fruits contain dry soluble substances (14%), sugar (10.4%), acids (0.4%). Berry tasting score - 4.4 points.

Ripening and fruiting

The variety belongs to the mid-late category, fruiting occurs in the third year after planting. The approximate flowering occurs in mid-May, the harvest is harvested in mid-July.

After planting the seedlings, it will take a long time before you can see the first berries on the tree. The first flowering occurs only in the fourth year of the tree's life. At this time, the tree produces only a small number of flowers. In the fifth year, you can already expect more active flowering and the first, albeit small, harvest. A decent harvest can be harvested for 6-7 years.

Yield

Amber cherry is distinguished by its ability to give high yields. On average, from 75 centners are harvested from one hectare, the maximum value is 120 centners / ha.

Self-fertility and the need for pollinators

It is vitally important for self-fruitless cherries to find pollinating varieties nearby, without which they will not be able to produce a crop. Such varieties are Vityaz, Iput, Gostinets, Severnaya and Ovstuzhenka.

Growing and care

For the cultivation of Orlovskaya Amber, places with good lighting and protection from northern winds are chosen. The culture develops well and bears fruit on fertile, drained soils with a neutral level of acidity. Neighborhood with ground waters closer than 2.5 meters from the earth's surface is unacceptable.Also, cherries do not survive in swampy lowlands, therefore, if a suitable site has exactly such parameters, then it is necessary to create an artificial mound on which the plant should be planted.

If the earth is acidic, then it is imperative to add dolomite flour, chalk, lime or gypsum. Wood ash lowers acidity well. The optimal size of the planting pit is 60x60x80 cm. At the bottom, a drainage layer of gravel, pebbles, fine gravel or broken brick is arranged. Simultaneously with the drainage device, a support for the seedling is installed. The removed fertile layer is enriched with organic matter (humus, compost, bird droppings), superphosphate, complex specialized mineral fertilizers, and wood ash.

After planting, a barrier embankment is arranged around the trunk circle and watered abundantly with warm water. The next day, the moist soil must be loosened to prevent the formation of a dense crust that impedes the penetration of oxygen. Loosening perfectly replaces the mulching method - a thick layer of mulch prevents moisture evaporation, inhibits weeds, and prevents the formation of an earthen crust.

Further care consists in moderate watering, obligatory weeding, top dressing, sanitary and formative pruning. The plant in the first year of life especially needs care, therefore watering is carried out weekly during the dry period, an adult tree is watered no more than once a month.

They begin to feed cherries from the second year after planting. In the spring, nitrogen fertilizers are applied, in the summer - potassium-phosphorus fertilizers, in the fall, the trunk circles are covered with a thick layer of humus. To combat rodents, the trunks and part of the lower skeletal branches are whitewashed with a solution of lime mixed with copper sulfate. For the winter, it is advisable to wrap the trunks with special nets, deepening them into the soil. In order to avoid freezing of the root system, the near-trunk zone is covered with a thick layer of snow in winter.

Sweet cherries are planted in a sunny and well-protected place from the wind. The soil should be fertile, loose and moisture-permeable. There are two options for planting cherries - spring and autumn. The first option is the most preferred and is suitable for all growing regions. In the southern regions, planting can be carried out in the fall.
One of the benefits of grafting a tree is to restore overgrown plants, improve the taste of the fruit, and adapt southern varieties to cool climates. If you follow all the recommendations of experts, you can strengthen the immune system of cherries, and it will be more resistant to pests and diseases.
In order to harvest a rich and tasty cherry crop every year, you need to properly care for it. Timely watering is one of the essential steps in care. The rate of watering a cherry tree directly depends on how dry and hot the weather is, and on the amount of precipitation. Basically, cherries need to be watered about 3-5 times per season, depending on the weather conditions in your area.
One of the most important agrotechnical measures in the cultivation of sweet cherry is correct and timely pruning. Correct pruning eliminates the consumption of nutrients for infertile shoots, so more trace elements are sent to the fruiting branches. This process increases the quality and quantity of the harvest.

Disease and pest resistance

The variety has good resistance to moniliosis and coccomycosis.

When caring for cherries, you need to carry out timely protection against various pests and pathogens. Depending on the cause and nature of the course, all cherry diseases can be conditionally divided into several categories - infectious and non-infectious. Each category of diseases provides for its own plan and method of treatment, the use of certain drugs and folk remedies.

Requirements for soil and climatic conditions

The tree has a high potential for tolerance to negative temperatures - generative buds are able to withstand frosts down to -20ºC. With regard to drought resistance, it has average values.

Self-cultivation of sweet cherries is a complicated process. It is important to follow all the necessary subtleties and techniques for the fruit tree to take root. There are several ways to propagate cherries: grafting on another tree, cuttings, growing from a stone, propagation by root shoots or layering.
Main characteristics
Appointment
universal
Average yield
75.0 c / ha
Maximum yield
120.0 c / ha
Wood
Growth type
vigorous
Tree height, m
4
Crown
pyramidal, spreading, raised, medium density
Branches
smooth, gray, slightly drooping
Escapes
medium, straight, yellowish, naked
Sheet
oval, green
Fruiting type
bears fruit on bouquet branches and fruit twigs
Fruit
Fruit size
medium-sized
Fruit weight, g
3,6
Fruit shape
heart-shaped
Fruit color
yellow
Pulp color
yellow
Pulp (consistency)
medium density, juicy
Fruit taste
sweet
Juice color
colorless
Bone size
small
Bone weight, g
0,2
Separability of the bone from the pulp
good
Detachment of fruits
average
Fruit composition
soluble solids - 14.0%, sugars - 10.4%, acids - 0.4%
Fruit tasting
4.4 points
Growing
Self-fertility
self-infertile
Pollinator varieties
Vityaz, Iput, Gostinets, Severnaya and Ovstuzhenka
Winter hardiness
tree is high, flower buds are medium
Drought tolerance
steady
The soil
fertile, well-drained
Watering
moderate
Location
Sun
Resistant to fruit cracking
steady
Coccomycosis resistance
relatively stable
Resistance to moniliosis
relatively stable
Maturation
Early maturity
3 years after planting
Flowering time
May 10-15
Ripening terms
average
Fruiting period
mid June - 15 July
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