Folding ladder to the attic: device features

The attic is rarely used, but the stairs leading to this room should be comfortable, compact and safe. Usually, the owners of the house use an attached or stationary staircase installed on the street. To save space in the house, comfortable use and safe lifting, a folding system is installed.

A folding ladder in the house is designed to be used as needed in the attic. It is comfortable to use, since it can be brought into working condition without much effort, and the need to free up a large area is excluded. The main feature of this system is that the principle of its use is similar to that of ladders. It is important to take into account not only a large number of advantages, but also some features.

Advantages.

• Security. The folding ladder is stable and sturdy. At any time, regardless of weather conditions, there is the possibility of a safe ascent to the attic. Some types of folding systems are equipped with steps and handrails.
• Compactness. The small-sized construction system allows you to save usable space in the room and in the attic. The unfolded state of the stairs requires little space.
• The convenience of use. This type of product folds quickly and effortlessly. There are ready-made electric drive construction models.
• Ease of installation. The folding ladder kit contains simple instructions. Following it, even a person without experience will have no difficulty in establishing a model. The system does not require additional reinforcement of walls, floors and ceilings. The lightness of the design allows you to easily move and install the product in another place.

• Profitability. The finished system is cheaper than a fixed ladder. The foldable model can be made at home.
• Aesthetics. The ladder is located on the hatch cover in the ceiling surface, and a quality finish will maintain the appearance. The design is completely hidden, so it does not spoil the interior.
• Folding system the attic is cleaned, it is convenient when there are children in the house or the area of ​​the room is small. The design is visible only when used, so there is no need to select a design for the interior.

Peculiarities.

• Some types of models are not always comfortable to use according to the following criteria: the steepness of the rise, the size and number of steps. If the rise is too steep, it is uncomfortable to move with bulky objects in your hands.
• The presence of a hatch will break the tightness of the room. The attic needs to be insulated, which leads to additional costs. In some factory models of structures, the hatch is equipped with a seal.
• The need for accurate calculations and skills for self-made stairs.

The principle of operation of the ladder consists of several simple steps: opening the hatch cover, pulling the folded unit towards you. All components will be fixed and become immobile. If you push the lower part up a little, then the ladder will fold back to its original position. At the end, you need to close the hatch.

An easier way of operation is with electric staircases. To bring them into working condition, you must press the button on the remote control.

The staircase leading to the attic has a number of advantages: functionality, compactness and ease of use. The range of designs allows you to choose a specific type that is ideal for the parameters of the house.Folding installations in the attic are of different types. They differ in their design.

One of the common varieties is the "accordion". This type of product has a small size, the folding principle works like an accordion fur. The ladder is made of lightweight metal, as its parts are movable, so it is important to take into account its maximum load during use. After a while, it is recommended to lubricate the fasteners. "Accordion" is universal in that it can be pulled to a certain size depending on the height of the ceiling.

The retractable ladder is telescopic. This product is characterized by its ease of use. When folded, it is the smallest in comparison with other folding ladder systems. The structure is assembled from hollow metal (aluminum) tubes, which make up sections with steps, when folded into each other and clamped by clamps. The model can consist of two, three or more sections.

Folding sectional staircase. It is popular with homemade designs. The model either folds like a book or booklet, or the sections overlap. Usually the length of the first section is the same as the size of the manhole cover. The design is more overall, but the most reliable and safe.

There is a staircase in two sections. The first short part is fixed to the hatch, and the second - the long one - unfolds to the floor. This type of system is also called a transformer staircase.

The retractable ladder system is the most complex. A folding ladder to the attic consists of steps fixed to a bowstring. The ladder is as large as possible and reliable. It is the most comfortable to use, since the tilt angle is no more than 45 degrees. To create it yourself, you need equipment and skills.

The choice of material depends on the folding technology. Ladders can be created from metal (aluminum, stainless steel), wood, or a combination.

Wooden folding loft ladder eco-friendly and has an attractive appearance. It will look good in a house with a wood-like interior. The positive qualities of the installation are good tolerance to temperature changes and exposure to moisture. The negative qualities include the fire hazard of the product, and insects can also start in the wood.

The folding ladder is made of solid wood. Details are connected using a special technology. At the edges of the steps there are projections that are inserted into the gaps of the guides, the connection is fixed with glue. For the manufacture of spans, beams are chosen from an array of conifers, beech or ash, for steps - from oak. The carrying capacity of the wooden folding installation is about 100 kilograms.

The metal folding ladder to the attic is made of metal that does not corrode. For the manufacture of a complex structure, aluminum or steel is chosen. The main advantage of the aluminum system is the simplicity of construction, such a lightweight and durable metal will last for many years. Steel products are offered with a corrosion-resistant coating. The carrying capacity of the metal structure is 200 kilograms, this figure is much higher than that of a wooden staircase.

The disadvantages of a metal folding ladder include the complexity of making it at home. To create it, you need to have special skills, experience with welding and equipment.

Strength and lightness are the main characteristics of a folding loft ladder. The best option is a combined staircase. This structure consists of wooden steps and metal supports.This type of system is cost effective and reliable. Some models use rubber step pads to reduce slip.

To make the use of the ladder comfortable, it is necessary to determine the basic dimensions of the structure and make calculations. It is important to take into account the parameters of the room in which the entrance to the attic will be located: the height of the ceilings, the area where the stairs will unfold, the staircase slope. Usually a model is installed, consisting of 3 or 4 sections for ceilings with a height of 3 meters.

Basic dimensions to be determined.

• Ceiling height and staircase length. The higher the ceiling height, the more reliable and strong the structure should be. When measuring the height of the ceilings, the length, type of folding system and the number of sections are determined. At a height of 3.5 meters, it is recommended to install a stationary version of the ladder.

• The opening and width of the stairs. The size of the opening can be from 0.5-0.6 to 0.7-0.8 meters. The optimal size is considered 0.8 by 1.20 m. The width of the step depends on the width of the hatch. It will be comfortable to climb stairs 60-70 cm wide.
• Bias. A safe and comfortable slope angle is 30-55 degrees.
• Step, number and width of steps. Average characteristics of a step and a step that will be safe and easy to use: 15-17 steps 20 cm wide and 2 cm thick, a step of 18-23 cm.

After determining all of the above parameters, you can proceed to the selection of a folding ladder. The safety and reliability of the product is characterized not only by the material and correctly calculated parameters, but also by the competent installation of the system.

For safety, consider the following restrictions:

• do not use the product for plasterboard floors;
• do not disassemble the constituent elements of the structure during installation;
• do not untwist the fasteners connecting the ladder and the hatch;
• do not operate the folding ladder until the completion of the work.

Home installation of a complete folding ladder system starts in the attic, for this, the kit is raised to the attic. First, the structure is placed with the hatch closed, then the ladder is attached to the open hatch cover in the unfolded state. The system must rest on the floor and be stationary at the time of installation. When the "rough" installation has been carried out, it is necessary to check how the system works: open the hatch cover from the room several times, disassemble and assemble the stairs. If no problems with the operation of the installation are found, then the installation continues.

Before starting work, you must carefully read the attached instructions and check the structure for serviceability.

First, you need to place a box on the base of the opening and attach it with screws, the gap between the box and the opening is filled with foam. Then the top section is installed. Fold out the ladder and make sure it is stable, it forms a straight line. It can be corrected by undercutting the legs of the last section. Both sides of the structure must fit snugly against the surfaces.

In the ready-made kit there is a railing for the hatch from the attic side. It consists of uprights and crossbars. To create a more reliable and rigid structure, the racks are fixed with metal struts. They connect the vertical bars to the floor.

Check the door for leaks. The cover must fit snugly into the opening. With poor tightness, heat will leave the room. Then a cosmetic repair is carried out on the underside of the hatch cover. When the installation is complete, you can conduct a control check.

The equipment with modern designs and functions of a folding ladder can be varied. This includes handrails, protective covers, electronic system and remote control. The simplest option is to construct a folding wooden system. Wood is the most readily available material and is easy to work with.

For the construction of the bowstring of the stairs, you will need thick beams, boards of the required thickness for the manufacture of steps and metal fasteners. All elements of the future attic staircase are prepared in advance. Sections from the hatch cover are assembled and fastened with metal hinges. All elements of the folding structure and hatch are reinforced and a test check is carried out. It should be remembered to care for the moving parts of the stairs, they must be lubricated in time.

If you need to buy a budget version of the stairs, you should choose a hatch 16 mm thick. The box of this model is not sealed. This is a great option for summer cottages without heating.

It is better to organize the place for creating an opening to the attic in the corner of the room and as far as possible from the entrance to the room. This location is the most convenient. The area around the ramp should be free of small non-static objects (eg chairs).

A folding ladder is safe to operate if it meets the following basic criteria.

• The strength and quality of the material of all parts and elements. The mechanism must be as reliable as possible.

• Despite the fact that the structure has rigid elements, it itself should be light in weight. This criterion is due to ease of use. In addition, the lightweight material does not create additional stress on the hatch.
• Ease of use. Any adult should cope with bringing the structure into working condition and assembling it. Any kind of mechanism should be easy to unfold and fold by hand.
• All fixtures and fittings should work without difficulty. The functioning of the elements of the folding system should be smooth. In order to set the mechanism in motion, efforts and jerks should not be required.
• If the attic space is constantly in use, the ladder will also be used frequently. A movie room can be arranged in the attic. In this case, it is better to make a folding structure with your own hands or to order from a master. A ladder designed for a specific size guarantees reliability, safety and confidence.

For the features of the device of a folding ladder to the attic, see the following video.