All about the "Master" motor cultivator

The “Master” motor-cultivator is one of the best examples of small agricultural machinery and is deservedly popular with Russian farmers. The unit is distinguished by high quality components, has no problems with the availability of spare parts and does not require expensive maintenance.

For more than a dozen years, OJSC Zavod im. VA Degtyareva ", better known under the abbreviation ZiD. The enterprise is located in the town of Kovrov, Vladimir region and specializes in the production of military and agricultural products.

The Master unit was developed by the specialists of this enterprise and is made on the basis of the previous generation MTD T / 240 cultivator., in connection with which it can be operated not only with its attachments, but also with additional devices of its predecessor. The motor cultivator is arranged quite simply. It consists of a 4–6.5 liter gasoline engine. with. (depending on the model), a gearbox that transmits torque from the engine to the rotors, the rotors themselves, long milling cutters, rotary discs, two wheels, a shield, a rudder and a coulter. The steering wheel, in turn, is equipped with a clutch lever and a throttle handle, and for ease of loading and transportation, the unit is equipped with a convenient handle.

The scope of the "Master" motor-cultivator is quite wide. The unit is successfully used in the development of virgin lands and plowing fields, for removing weeds and applying fertilizers. The cultivator's cutters are able to penetrate the soil to a depth of 25 cm, which allows high-quality loosening of the soil, thereby improving its aeration properties. This, in turn, regulates the water balance of the soil and prevents it from excessive drying out or waterlogging. And also with the help of a cultivator, you can level out already plowed areas, carry out effective weeding of row spacings, remove snow, mow grass and transport goods.

Land cultivation with a motor-cultivator "Master" is done as follows:

• when the engine is started, the translational energy of the piston is converted into torque and is transmitted through the gearbox to two short rotors;
• each of the rotors is equipped with a long rod with a cutter at the end;
• when the cutters rotate, their sharp knives cut off the upper layers of the soil, paint them finely and mix with the lower layers;
• such rotation of the cutters causes the forward movement of the cultivator with simultaneous processing of the soil;
• the depth of entry of the knives into the soil is regulated, and if necessary, the maximum depth of the cultivator is made heavier with lugs.

Like any technique, the Master motor cultivators have both strengths and weaknesses. The advantages of the units include the following:

• powerful and high-quality engines with a large motor resource and capable of serving for more than a dozen years;
• the efficiency of motors is also noted, but this indicator is very conditional, because it can vary in both directions depending on the load; for example, transporting goods requires 2 liters per hour, while leveling beds during the same time will require only 0.8 liters;
• high reliability and durability of the structure;
• the ability to adjust the height and stem of the rudder;
• compact dimensions, which greatly simplify the transportation of the unit; moreover, during transportation, the steering wheel can be folded into the transport position, which makes it possible to place the cultivator in the trunk of a car;
• price - the unit in the basic configuration costs only 20-25 thousand rubles, the cost of the most complete mechanism will be 35,000 rubles, and a used model can be bought for 15,000 rubles at all.

There are not so many disadvantages of the cultivator. These include the following:

• relatively small mass, which is why the model often needs to be heavier;
• side discs that are too thin and tend to bend.

Currently, ZiD produces two models of cultivators with different engines.

MK-265 models with a Lifan engine is an aggregate weighing 42 kg and a capture width of 42 to 60 cm.The dimensions of the device when folded for transportation are 78x57x75 cm.In assembled form, its length reaches 130 cm, width - 70 cm and height - 98 The depth of tillage is 25 cm, the diameter of the working cutters is 32 cm. The model is equipped with a Chinese single-cylinder four-stroke engine of 5 liters. with., running on 92-m gasoline.

The motor was specially designed for cultivators and walk-behind tractors, has air cooling and is equipped with a manual start system. Its volume is 118 cm³, the fuel tank capacity is 1.8 liters, the maximum power is 2.8 kW. The shaft rotation speed is 3600 rpm, the motor weight is 12 kg. A distinctive feature of the Lifan engine is its low consumption, ranging from 0.8 to 1.5 l / h.

For the convenience of checking the oil level, the model is equipped with a dipstick. This "Master" compares favorably with cultivators of other brands, in which, in order to check the oil level, it is necessary to unscrew the drain plug. The steering wheel of the unit is equipped with anti-vibration grips, which significantly reduces the load on the operator's hands. The gearbox can be disconnected from the engine, so that the latter can be used as a power unit. The cultivator is compatible with the attachments of the Mobil K and MTD Products AG brands. The model costs 18,500 rubles.

The "Master" motor cultivator with the American Quantum XM-650 Series engine from Briggs & Stratton is no less popular. The 4.4 kW (6 HP) unit motor is electronically ignited and air-cooled (Maxi-Clean filter). Its volume is 190 cm³, and the maximum shaft rotation speed reaches 2980 rpm. The model is equipped with a One-Start float carburetor, a mechanical decompressor and an alleted Lo-Tone muffler. The oil level is also checked using a dipstick, the capacity of the crankcase is 0.6 liters, the fuel tank is 1.5 liters. The device works on 92nd gasoline, it costs about 25 thousand rubles.

The basic complete set of the "Master" motor-cultivator includes 4 cutters, 2 side discs and pneumatic wheels. However, to implement all the capabilities of the unit, these devices will not be enough, therefore most farmers simultaneously purchase a complete set of additional equipment with the device.

• Snow blower MSU-1. The device is made in the form of a wide blade and is completed with an adapter-reducer, with the help of which the power is taken from the motor. The equipment is suitable for operation at temperatures down to -20 degrees and with a maximum height of snow cover up to 20 cm. The recommended speed is 2.5 km / h.
• Grousers. These devices are metal wheels with deep tread. They help to make the cultivator heavier when plowing heavy and clayey soils.
• MKS-1 mowing machine. This device is intended for mowing lawns, cutting weeds and making hay. It can be operated in areas with difficult terrain and a slope of up to 15 degrees.

• Plow. With its help, deep plowing of virgin and fallow lands, preparation of fields for planting crops and cutting of furrows are carried out. The canopy is attached to the rear of the cultivator using a hitch. In this case, the backlash in both directions should be about 5-6 degrees, otherwise, due to the resistance of the soil, the plow will pull the cultivator behind it and roll it to one side.
• Hiller is a single-row device used for hilling beans, potatoes and corn, as well as for the formation of high ridges.
• Potato digger and katrofelplanter are popular types of attachments among potato plantation owners. They are able to greatly facilitate heavy manual labor.

• Chopper intended for chopping thin branches, shrubs and grass. The device is widely used to maintain order on the site, as well as to make bedding for poultry, animal feed and mulching substrate.
• Water pump It is used for pumping water from one container to another, for watering plants and pumping out various liquids.
• Trailer allows you to use the cultivator as a tractor and transport goods weighing up to 300 kg.

Before starting to work with a motor-cultivator, you need to read the following important recommendations:

• Before using a new cultivator, it should be run in for 8-10 hours, while not allowing it to be overloaded;
• it is advisable to cultivate the soil in two steps, each time deepening by no more than 10 cm;
• if the space between the gearbox and the rotor blades is clogged with grass, immediately turn off the engine and clean the unit;
• while the cultivator is in operation, keep hands and feet away from rotating parts and do not allow persons under the age of 18 to operate the machine;
• work on mountainous areas should be performed across the slope, while observing special care when turning the machine;
• work in greenhouses and greenhouses should be carried out only with open windows and doors, periodically turning off the engine and ventilating the room.

How the ZiD Master motor cultivator becomes all-season, see the next video.