Apricot Khabarovsk

Apricot Khabarovsk
The main characteristics of the variety:
  • Authors: G.T. Kazmin (DalNIISH)
  • Appeared when crossing: Best Michurinsky x Red-cheeked
  • Year of approval: 1979
  • Tree height, m: 4,8
  • Escapes: thick, straight, long
  • Flowers: large, white
  • Fruit weight, g: 30-45
  • Fruit shape: rounded-conical, slightly compressed laterally
  • Skin : tuberous, strongly pubescent, lagging
  • Fruit color: pale green, integumentary in the form of a solid, and in places dotted orange-red blush
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This large-fruited and hardy culture has proven itself well in cold regions with unstable climatic conditions. And the high level of yield and the taste properties of the fruits of unusual color will pleasantly complement the impressions of a gardener who has decided to plant at least one such tree in his area.

Breeding history

This time-tested and time-tested culture was obtained by the scientist of the Far Eastern Agricultural Research Institute G. T. Kazmin in 1949. It was submitted for state tests in 1971, and in 1978 it was registered in the State Register. The crop is intended for cultivation in the Far East region; it develops most productively in the southern regions of Primorye and the Khabarovsk Territory. Suitable for central Russia as well.

Culture is universal in its intended purpose.

Description of the variety

The trees are vigorous (up to 4.8 m), with sparse rounded and spreading crowns. Skeletal branches and annual shoots are thickened, upright. Branches of dark purple shades, with multiple whitish and oblong stripes. The flowers are large, white in color.

The leaves are intensely green on the outside, and light green on the back. Leaves are medium in size, elongated, oval in shape, with pointed and long tips. Large fruit buds form on both long and short fruit branches.

The culture reproduces well by seed, without losing its varietal properties. Nevertheless, it is more expedient to propagate it by grafting on frost-resistant rootstocks.

Fruit characteristics

The fruits of the culture are large (30-45 g), rounded-cone-shaped, slightly flattened on the sides. With low, but normalized yields, the berries reach a mass of 45 g. The color of the fruits is pale greenish, partly with a dotted orange-red blush. The peel is lumpy, densely pubescent, lingering. The abdominal suture is deep, pronounced. The color is thick, medium juicy consistency, yellow-orange shades. The seeds are medium in size, easily separated from the pulp.

By chemical composition, the fruits include: sugar - 12.3%, malic acid - 2.1%, vitamin C - 7.9%, dry formulations - 16.1%.

Fruits with a good shelf life and medium transportability. Presentable presentation.

Taste qualities

By taste, the fruits are sweetish-sour. Tasting score in points - 4.

Ripening and fruiting

The starting harvest of fruits occurs at 4-5 years of scion development. The ripening period is early. The culture blooms in May. Fruiting time is July 28-30. Bears fruit annually.

When planting an apricot tree on your site, you need to know about the features of its fruiting. The apricot begins fruiting at the age of two to four years after planting in a permanent place in the garden and bears fruit steadily up to 25-30 years. The tree's yield peaks at the age of five to six years.

Yield

High-yielding culture - up to 36.6 kg per tree.

Self-fertility and the need for pollinators

The plant is relatively self-fertile. Snezhinsky and Amur species are used as pollinating neighbors.

Growing and care

In the course of planting and growing a crop in an extreme climate for it, the rules for planting and care should be strictly followed. It is usually grown in areas with harsh and unstable conditions. It does not tolerate dampness and water stagnant in the soil. If snow melts in the near-stem space during the winter thaws, then it freezes, forming an ice crust, which injures the bark of the trunks.

For this reason, the landing sites must be selected elevated, with a deep location of groundwater. Trees develop productively on the southern and southwestern slopes, where moisture does not accumulate and there are no northern winds.

The selection of seedlings and pre-planting procedures are standard. For planting, 1-2-year-old seedlings are chosen.

Planting recesses are prepared in autumn, measuring 90x90 cm and 60–80 cm deep. The bottom of the depressions is drained with crushed stone, broken brick, expanded clay.

The depressions are covered with a nutrient composition consisting of equal parts:

  • black soil;
  • humus;
  • peat;
  • sand.

Superphosphate (300-400 g) and wood ash (3 l) are added there.

During the cultivation of the culture, traditional rules are observed, but there are also some nuances associated with the landing areas.

Crowns are formed in the first 4–5 years of crop growth. Due to the high growth of trees, a sparse-tiered crown configuration is used.

Sanitary cutting is performed every year, in the fall. Since tree crowns are sparse, regulatory pruning is avoided. But the summer chasing of annual shoots is necessary - this increases the level of productivity. For mature trees, rejuvenating pruning is carried out.

Intensive irrigation is carried out only in the first half of the growing season. The degree of development of seedlings depends on this. Mature trees are irrigated infrequently, but abundantly, moistening the soil 30–40 cm deep. After irrigation, loosening of the near-stem space and mulching are required.

After the autumn water-charging irrigation, the roller in the near-stem circle is removed, giving the mound a conical shape, which prevents the accumulation of moisture in the winter (melt water will begin to go down). It is especially important to irrigate young, 3-5-year-old trees, the roots of which have not yet reached the aquifers of the soil.

Top dressing should be started after the first pick of berries. It is important to monitor the balance of additives, the excess of which (especially nitrogenous compounds) can bring considerable harm to the culture:

  • organic matter is added every 3-4 years (either in autumn or in spring), digging up fertilized soil (5 kg per 1m2);
  • nitrogenous additives are produced for digging annually, in the spring (30–40 g / m2);
  • potash - at the beginning of summer, dissolving in water 10–20 g / m2;
  • phosphoric - every year in autumn for digging (20-30 g / m2);
  • complex - according to the instructions.

In addition, during the ripening of berries and the growth of shoots 2-3 times with an interval of 14 days, the trees are fertilized with liquid infusions, using one of the components per 10 liters of water:

  • mullein - 2 kg;
  • bird guano - 1 kg;
  • freshly cut grass - 5 kg.

The time of infusion in a warm place is 5–7 days. For irrigation, dilute 1 liter of infusion in 10 liters of water.

In order for an apricot tree to take root well in a new place, it is necessary to study in advance all the subtleties of its correct planting. Depending on the climate in the region, you need to choose the optimal time for planting a seedling. Determine the location, properly prepare the landing pit.
Grafting is the main method of reproduction of the apricot tree, which allows you to preserve all the varietal qualities of the fruits, increase the yield and give the fruit crop additional properties, such as frost resistance and drought resistance. It is necessary to correctly determine the timing of vaccination and correctly choose the stock.
Annual pruning of apricot is necessary for the correct formation of the crown of a young seedling, rejuvenation of old trees and preservation of the yield and quality of the fruit. Regular pruning is carried out not only in spring and autumn, but also in summer.

Disease and pest resistance

Usually, the culture does not often get sick and is subject to pest attacks. However, in rainy seasons, fungal spores are often affected. Therefore, professional procedures traditional for fruit trees are necessary (cleaning from fallen leaves, digging near-stem spaces, filling and processing cracks that have arisen, whitewashing).

A number of possible diseases are treated with standard methods:

  • clasterosporium disease - with regular fungicidal treatments;
  • moniliosis - elimination of infected shoots and treatment with fungicides;
  • cytosporosis - cleaning damaged areas to healthy wood, 1% copper sulfate, fungicide treatment, protection of damage with a garden varnish.

Of the pests, one should especially be wary of the appearance of:

  • weevil beetle;
  • crumb;
  • aphids.

The fight against them is carried out by known methods, including folk remedies.

Like other fruit crops, apricots often suffer from various diseases and pests. It is necessary to periodically inspect the apricot tree in order to notice a disease or the appearance of a pest in time, promptly intervene and eliminate the problem.

Winter hardiness and the need for shelter

The culture has a high level of cold resistance, provided it is grown in elevated areas. In lowlands, the degree of winter hardiness of trees decreases markedly. Flower buds perfectly withstand winter cold, very rarely freezing.

The level of drought tolerance of the crop also appears to be good.

Location and soil requirements

Productive cultivation of a culture is possible on loamy, enriched and fertile soils, and the planting sites should be rich in sunlight.

Main characteristics
Authors
G.T. Kazmin (DalNIISH)
Appeared when crossing
Best Michurinsky x Red Cheeked
Year of approval
1979
Appointment
universal
Yield
high
Maximum yield
36.6 kg per tree
Transportability
average
Marketability
good
Wood
Growth type
vigorous
Tree height, m
4,8
Crown
rare, sprawling
Escapes
thick, straight, long
Branches
thick, straight, dark purple, with numerous whitish longitudinal stripes
Flowers
large, white
Leaves
medium-sized, elongated-oval, with a sharp long end, dense green on the upper side, matte, light green on the bottom
Fruiting type
on two-three-year-old wood
Fruit
Fruit size
large
Fruit weight, g
30-45
Fruit shape
rounded-conical, slightly compressed laterally
Fruit color
pale green, integumentary in the form of a continuous, and in places dotted orange-red blush
Skin
tuberous, strongly pubescent, lagging
Abdominal suture
wide and deep
Pulp color
yellow-orange
Pulp (consistency)
thick, medium juiciness
Fruit taste
sweetish sour, pleasant
Fruit composition
12.3% sugars, 2.1% malic acid, 7.9% vitamin C, 16.1% dry matter
Bone size
average
Separability of the bone from the pulp
good
Kernel flavor
sweet
Tasting assessment
4 points
Keeping quality
good
Growing
Self-fertility
relatively self-fertile
Winter hardiness
satisfactory
Drought tolerance
steady
The soil
loamy, enriched, fertile
Location
sunny places
Growing regions
Far Eastern
Disease and pest resistance
average
Resistance to moniliosis
relatively stable
Clasterosporium resistance
relatively stable
Moth resistance
slightly damaged
Maturation
Early maturity
at 4-5 year of life of the scion
Ripening terms
early
Flowering time
May
Fruiting period
July 28-30
The frequency of fruiting
annually
Reviews
There are no reviews.
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